23 anthropometric parameters and somatotype have been studied in 443 men of 60 to 90 years old have been studied. Complex anatomical and anthropometric parameters characterizing the particular physical status and constitution of elderly, senile men, also as of a longevity period male have been revealed in relative age norm.

The article demonstrates the results of the relationship between the fingers’ papillary patterns and anthropometric parameters (growth, body weight, circumferences of chest, arm, forearm, thigh and leg) in 108 Karels and 998 Russian men 18-22 years old, born and living in the Republic of Karelia. The study established, that ethnic differences of papillary patterns are minimal are the result of unidirectional adaptation to similar climatic conditions. The differences of anthropometric parameters are more significant and are expressed in greater values of both longitudinal and latitudinal characteristics in Russians. A weak correlation is observed Between dermatoglyphic and anthropometric characteristics while it is most stable for girth of forearms and legs. The most informative markers for longitudinal body parameters (growth) are Lr, A и W papillary patterns, for latitudinal - Lu and W patterns. At the same A - and W-patterns almost always characterize groups of individuals with larger values of anthropometric parameters, and L-patterns - with smaller ones. The information obtained can serve as a standard of the constitution for men in this age group of the studied region.

Topographic and anatomical features of the frontal-nasal communication (FNC) are studied. It is observed that the shape and direction of the drainage and ventilation course to the frontal sinus depends on the type of FNC. In recessual type it has an arcuate shape and is directed forwards and downwards. In infundibular type it has more straight shape, directed downwards and backwards, being located perpendicular to the bottom wall of the frontal sinus. The analysis of possible ways to evacuate contents of the frontal sinus at various types of the structure of FNC is made as well as the effectiveness of the use of the cannula for probing the endonasal frontal sinus of different geometrical shapes is studied.

The article presents data on changes in morphological and functional characteristics of the skin and its derivatives in the experimental introduction of the chelators of essential microelements. The experiment was carried out on mice C57BL/6 (n=40). When zinc chelator (N,N,N`,N`-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine) is administered into the skin, increased proliferative activity of epithelial cells, resulting in the growth of layers of surface epithelium, hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands, dystrophic changes in hair follicles are observed. Treatment by copper chelator (ammonium tetrathiomolybdate) leads to decreased proliferative activity of epithelial cells. Hyperkeratosis, reduction in the size of the sebaceous glands, defect of the formation of the subcutaneous tissue are noted in the skin. Treatment by iron chelator (deferoxamine) has not resulted in a marked structural change in the skin and its derivatives. Differences in indexes of the proliferative activity of epithelial cells between a control group and a group of animals are not found.

The article presents the results of an experimental study of the pancreatic tissue of 28 dogs after their single moderate physical activity and regular training cycles till long running. The relationship between the adaptive changes in the gland and the intensity as well as duration of the physical activity was observed. Preferential transformations after the specification of training regimes in the endocrine part of the gland and its microvasculature were established. The regularities of adaptive response during the immediate and long-term stages of an organism to physical stress were determined and they manifested in an increase of the blood supply of an organ and the intensity of the secretion of glucagon, a decrease in stimulation of insulin production, heterogeneity of the functioning of the exocrine pancreatic cells of the acini of all, including periinsular, zones of the gland.

The article describes morphological changes of the lung tissue of Vistar rats. These changes were caused by the inhalation of non-nicotine liquid used for electronic cigarettes. The changes were studied in acute, subacute and chronic periods. Histological research has shown that the experimental group of rats has the swelling of the alveolar septa, interchanging areas of atelectasis and emphysema during the acute period. During the subacute period swelling of the alveolar septa remains present. A number of atelectasis of the alveoli decreased due to the increase of the emphysematous expansion of the alveoli. Chronic period is characterized by emphysema: increase in terminal and respiratory bronchioles as well as in alveolar cavity with thinning of the alveolar septa.

Extraorganic arteries of the pancreas and duodenum are considered in the article. Arterial network of the area has been injected with a special cold solution according to the methods by Teykhman-Tikhonov and Ragimov-Guseinov. The research is based on a study of 42 bodies of men and women at different ages. The study shows the different topography of the main arterial trunks in pancreatoduodenal area, in this case, the arterial arches have a common origin. Dorsal artery is an additional vessel for pancreatoduodenal area. It also has different variants of the topography, but one source of origin.

Muscular content of the body in mature women of different constitutional groups and somatotypes, typified according to the scheme of I.B. Galant - B.A. Nikitiuk - V.P. Chtetsov, was studied by the bioimpedance method. It was observed that the maximal muscular mass was found in women from 21 to 35 years of age: light-boned asthenic (46.5±0.53%), big-boned asthenic (45.6±0.98%) and short euriplastic (42.1±0.72%) somatotypes. Age-related decreasing of the muscular component was registered in all somatotypes. Maximal age-related muscular reduction was found in the pyknic (17%), uncertain (17%) and short euriplastic (16%) somatotypes.

The article discusses the features of the interaction of B cells of the pancreatic islets and exocrine pancreatic cells of the periinsullar acini with normal and impaired tolerance to glucose in an organism. The data on the structural and functional reorganization of periinsular exocrine cells in animals with different state of carbohydrate metabolism depending on the phase and intensity of the secretory process of B cells of the pancreatic islets after physical loads was esteblished.

The article presents the analysis of the cases of falls from a height in the city of Voronezh from year of 2008 to 2013. The analysis of the reports of the forensic investigations of corpses, died as a result of falling from a height, is produced. Тhе demographic (gender, age) and other indicators (reasons of falling, seasonality, time of day, the presence of alcohol intoxication, height of fall and its kind, cause of death) were observed. There has been shown a role of studying the features of the fractures of bones for the determination of the kind of falling from a height.

The goal of the work was to determine the diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes when studying the secretion of the major salivary glands by the method of vacuum crystallography.The obtained results show an increase in the width of the outer and intermediate layer in the secretion of left and right parotid glands (LPG, RPG) as well as submandibular and sublingual salivary glands (SMSG and SLSG). The increase in optical density of the boundary layer in the secretion of LPG, RPG and central zone in the secretion of SMSG and SLSG in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to healthy people is observed. The detected changes may be caused by the effects of hyperglycemia on the biochemical composition of the secretion of the major salivary glands, which affects the processes of crystallization and may have diagnostic as well as prognostic value.

The article deals with the data on the interrelation of adaptable potential, square of the hand, circumference of the chest and body mass index (BMI) in girls from 16 to 20 years old. The research was conducted using the new computer program HandScaner, which was developed by the authors. The level of adaptive potential in correlation with the different body mass index in girls was determined. It was noted that the examined girls with normal BMI have the reduced index of adaptation. It was also observed that the higher the BMI is, the lower the index of adaptation is.

On the computer tomograms of adults cephalometric angular parameters, their variability and relationships have been studied. In the majority of cases average options of studied angles have been determined. Extreme versions (more and less than the average) in all studied angles were determined almost with the same frequency, which means the normal distribution. The data obtained on relationship between the main angular parameters of cranio-facial complex should be considered during orthodontic and orthopedic manipulations, directed at changing the position of the jaws in relation to the plane of the base of the skull.

The article dedicated to the memory of the outstanding Russian anatomist, scientist, teacher, professor, head of the department of normal anatomy in the Ryazan Medical Institute, MD Sokolov Boris Mikhailovich (1895-1971). In 2015 celebrated its 120 years anniversary of professor B. M. Sokolov. This article briefly presented the biography of the scientist, his life principles, scientific ideas, the results of which he brought to the national anatomy.

The article examines the main episodes of human anatomy knowledge development. The process of human anatomy rapprochement with the complex medical sciences debates, the social, cultural and religious circumstances that influenced this convergence are examined. Particular attention is paid to the development of anatomy in the Middle Ages and to the change in the anatomical knowledge which occurred in the period from XVI to XIX century with the aim of rethinking the values of anatomy for modern medicine. The authors used a social history of medicine method and regarded anatomical discoveries as events that have historical and cultural context of those times, in which the authors of basic anatomical works lived.