Cellular Composition of Rat Thymus with Combined Effects of Carcinogen and Stress

The aim of the research was study the effects of experimental breast cancer and stress on the thymus of laboratory animals

Material and methods. Thymus 40 white nonlinear female rats of the same age were investigated using luminescent-histochemical, general histological and immunohistochemical methods . The animals were divided into 3 groups. In the 1st group were intact animals. Rats of the 2nd group were injected with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, causing breast cancer. Animals of the 3rd group experienced a combined effect of carcinogen and water-immobilization stress.

Results. It was established that the administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea to female rats causes an increase in the size of the medullar and cortex of the thymus lobes. In cells of the premedullary and subcapsular zones, an increase in the level of serotonin and catecholamines is observed, and in cells of the premedullary zone, in the thymocytes of the cortex and medulla - a decrease in the level of histamine. The ratio (serotonin + histamine) / catecholamines decreases and the percentage of degranulated mast cells increases. Also, the number of mature T-lymphocytes and macrophages is increasing against the background of a decrease in the number of S-100+ cells. Combined effect of factors revealed a decrease in the size of the lobes of the organ, the replacement of the parenchyma with adipose and connective tissue, an increase in the content of serotonin and catecholamines, a significant decrease in histamine levels, with a decrease in the ratio (serotonin + histamine) / catecholamines in the same cells, an increase in mature forms of T-lymphocytes and macrophages, as well as a decrease in the percentage of dendritic cells.

Conclusion. The combined effect causes a more pronounced disorganization of the morphofunctional state of the thymus and leads to the 4th phase of the accidental involution of the thymus with the development of atrophy and sclerosis of the organ.

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