Differences and regularities of the macro- and microscopic structure of the limb tendons
https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2022-11-1-36-43
Abstract
The aim of the study was to present differences and regularities in the macro- and microscopic structure of the muscle tendons of the limbs identified by comparative analysis and generalization of the obtained findings.
Material and methods. The study included transverse histotopograms of 519 tendons of 17 different muscles of the upper and lower limbs. Histotopograms were received from 93 human cadavers and amputated limbs of 10 patients. Transverse sections of tendons up to 20 μm thick were stained with picrofuchsin according to Van Gieson, and hematoxylin–eosin. Histotopograms were studied and photographed using a stereoscopic microscope MBS-10.
Results. The authors have generalized data on the macro- and microscopic structure of the limb tendons. General regularities of the internal macro- and microscopic structure of the tendons have been specified. It has been demonstrated that these regularities are of applied relevance for improvement of restorative tendon microsurgery. Individual differences and differences between the tendons of different muscles at the structural level were revealed: the number, size, architectonics of the tendon bundles of the 1st order. Tendon bundles of the 1st order are the main structural units of the macro- and microscopic structure of the limb muscle tendons. Depending on the size of the cross-sectional area, they can be divided into small (0.004–0.009 mm2), medium (0.01–0.04 mm2), large (0.05–0.09 mm2) and very large (0.1–0.5 mm2). There were detected differences in the number, ratio and architectonics of the tendon bundles at different levels within one tendon; this allows assuming division and fusion of tendon bundles of the 1st order throughout the tendon.
Conclusion. The macro- and microscopic structure of the muscle tendons of the upper and lower limbs demonstrates general regularities and differences in the structure of the various muscle tendons, the fact being of theoretical and applied significance.
About the Authors
I. I. Kagan
Orenburg State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Il'ya I Kagan – Doct. Med. Sci., Prof., Professor of S.S. Mikhailov operative surgery and clinical anatomy department
Ul. Sovetskaya, 6, Orenburg, 460000
V. V. Ivlev
Orenburg State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vladislav V Ivlev
Orenburg
A. M. Gur'yanov
Orenburg State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Andrei M Gur'yanov – Cand. Med. Sci., Assoc. Prof.
Orenburg
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Review
For citations:
Kagan I.I., Ivlev V.V., Gur'yanov A.M. Differences and regularities of the macro- and microscopic structure of the limb tendons. Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology. 2022;11(1):36-43. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2022-11-1-36-43
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