Macro-microscopic Analysis of Trachea and Main Bronchi Glands of a Human in Postnatal Ontogenesis

Abstract

The purpose of the macro-microscopic and morphometric study of the total preparations of the trachea and main bronchi was to get a full-fledged representation of the structural characteristics and patterns of morphogenesis of the glands of the most important entities of the lower respiratory tract. The glands were stained in 0.05% methylene blue solution with 0.5% acetic acid in tap water followed by fixing agents in a saturated solution of ammonium picrate. The arithmetic mean of the parameters and their error were studied. The number and size of the glands in the walls of these organs increased consistently over from the neonatal period until the 1st period of adulthood reaching ontogenetic maximum. Then, there was the consistent reduction of these indicators, which were minimal in old age. It was also revealed that there were more glands in the walls of the left main bronchus in comparison to the right, which was observed throughout the postnatal ontogenesis. The trend towards the larger size of the initial part of the glands in the left main bronchus in comparison to the right main bronchus was observed.