Somatic characteristics of patients suffering from alimentary-dependent diseases according to the Heath-Carter scheme and the possibility of its bioimpedance assessment

The aim of the study was to study the variability of the somatotype according to the Heath-Carter scheme in patients with alimentary-dependent pathology and the possibility of its bioimpedance assessment.

Material and methods. 104 patients (26 men and 78 women) were examined in the clinic of Federal State Budgetary Institution of Nutrition and Biotechnology. Patients underwent anthropometric studies in accordance with the accepted standard of Institute of Anthropology of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University. Somatotyping was calculated according to the Heath-Carter method. Bioimpedance assessment of body composition was carried out using the analyzer ABC-01 "Medass".

Results. On the basis of anthropometric measurements the age and sex characteristics of body types (somatotypes) according to Heath-Carter are presented in patients with alimentary-dependent pathologies (obesity of various degrees and type 2 diabetes mellitus). No significant differences of somatotype components in the age subgroups of the 1st and 2nd period of adulthood was found in men and women, although the values of Endomorphy and Mesomorphy in the subgroup of the 1st period of adulthood are greater than in the subgroup of the 2nd period of adulthood regardless of the sex of the subjects.

Conclusion. The study revealed that the average values of anthropometric indicators and the value of average Heath-Carter somatotypes in patients with alimentary-dependent pathologies do not significantly differ in age subgroups of the 1st and 2nd periods of adulthood in men and women, regardless of the sex of the subjects. Considering age subgroups and excluding age subgroups significant sexual dimorphism was observed in anthropometric indicators and in somatotype component, with the exception of body mass index (BMI). The inconsistency of somatotype assessment by Heath-Carter was shown in patients with alimentary-dependent pathologies according to bioimpedance analysis. In view of the significant correlation of bioimpedance and anthropometric measurements of somatotype components according to Heath-Carter, we consider it appropriate to develop new regression equations to evaluate the somatotype in the future.

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