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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2019-8-3-9-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-950</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реакция астроцитов неокортекса человека на клиническую смерть и реперфузию</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reaction of Human Neocortex Astrocytes to Clinical Death and Reperfusion</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акулинин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akulinin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акулинин Виктор Александрович </p><p>ул. Ленина, 12, г. Омск, 644099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor Akulinin </p><p>ul. Lenina, 12, Omsk, 644099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akulinin@omsk-osma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеев</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeev</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акулинин В.А., Степанов С.С., Авдеев Д.Б., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акулинин В.А., Степанов С.С., Авдеев Д.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akulinin V.A., Stepanov S.S., Avdeev D.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/950">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/950</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Исследование посвящено изучению влияния клинической смерти и реперфузии на астроциты коры головного мозга (КГМ) человека.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. С помощью конфокального микроскопа, флуоресцентной иммуногистохимии (GFAP), классической морфометрии и фрактального анализа были изучены структурные типы, количество, форма, размеры и распределение астроцитов слоев I–VI (поля 4, 10, 17 и 21) КГМ через 7 сут после 3-минутной клинической смерти (n=3, мужчины). В контрольную группу (n=4, мужчины) вошли погибшие от тяжелой черепно-мозговой травмы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В КГМ человека выявлена сложная интегрированная система GFAP-позитивных клеток, состоящая из трансламинарных и интраламинарных астроцитов фиброзного, протоплазматического и смешанного типов. Тела трансламинарных астроцитов локализовались в слоях I (имели гладкие длинные тонкие отростки) и V–VI (отростки с варикозными утолщениями). Отростки трансламинарных астроцитов проникали навстречу друг другу и переплетались на уровне слоя I и II. Через 7 сут после клинической смерти в КГМ выявлены качественные и количественные изменения всех типов интраламинарных и трансламинарных астроцитов. Во всех слоях изученных отделов КГМ увеличивалась относительная площадь GFAP-позитивного материала. Повышение экспрессии GFAP в астроцитах КГМ сопровождалось изменениями фрактального распределения и лакунарности распределения их отростков, что свидетельствовало о пространственной реорганизации астроглиальной сети в ответ на острую ишемию и реперфузию мозга. В большей степени это касалось отростков фиброзных периваскулярных астроцитов. Вероятно все эти проявления реактивного астроглиоза были связаны с активацией адаптационно-репаративных процессов в астроцитах. Статистически значимых различий между полями КГМ выявлено не было.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствовали о том, что после клинической смерти и реперфузии происходила структурно-функциональная реорганизация нейроглиальной сети КГМ, сопровождающаяся усилением экспрессии GFAF и усложнением пространственного распределения отростков всех типов астроцитов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of research was to study the effect of clinical death and reperfusion on astrocytes of the human cerebral cortex.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Structural types, quantity, shape, size and distribution of cortical layers I–VI astrocytes (fields 4, 10, 17 and 21) were studied in 7 days after 3-minute clinical death (n=3, males) using a confocal microscope, fluorescence immunohistochemistry (GFAP), classical morphometry and fractal analysis. The control group (n=4, males) included patients died from severe traumatic brain injury.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A complex integrated system of GFAP-positive cells consisting of translaminar and intralaminar astrocytes of the fibrous, protoplasmic and mixed types, was revealed in the human cerebral cortex. The bodies of translaminar astrocytes were localized in layers I (had smooth long thin processes) and layers V–VI (had processes with varicose thickening). The processes of translaminar astrocytes penetrated towards each other and intertwined at the level of layer I and II. Qualitative and quantitative changes of all types of intralaminar and translaminar astrocytes were revealed in the human cerebral cortex in 7 days after clinical death. The percentage of the GFAP-positive area increased in all layers of the studied cerebral cortex departments. An increase in GFAP expression in cortical astrocytes was accompanied by changes in the fractal distribution and lacunarity of their processes distribution, the fact supporting a spatial reorganization of the astroglial network in response to acute ischemia and reperfusion of the brain. To a greater extent this related to the processes of fibrous perivascular astrocytes. All these manifestations of reactive astrogliosis might be associated with the activation of adaptivereparative processes in astrocytes. No statistically significant differences between the cerebral cortex fields were revealed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results obtained showed that clinical death and reperfusion resulted in a structuralfunctional reorganization of the neuroglial network of the cerebral cortex accompanied by an increase in the GFAF expression and complication of the spatial distribution of the processes in all types of astrocytes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>человек</kwd><kwd>клиническая смерть</kwd><kwd>неокортекс</kwd><kwd>астроциты</kwd><kwd>флуоресцентная иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>GFAP</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd><kwd>фрактальный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>humans</kwd><kwd>clinical death</kwd><kwd>neocortex</kwd><kwd>astrocytes</kwd><kwd>fluorescent immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>GFAP</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd><kwd>fractal analysis.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная работа выполнена при поддержке Фонда содействия инновациям по программе «УМНИК» №14 от 15.12.2017г. и внутреннего гранта ФГБОУ ВО Омского государственного медицинского университета №574 от 24.11.2017 г.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Боровиков В. 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