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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2019-8-2-82-90</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-875</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структурно-функциональные основы физиологическом и репаративном регенерации тканей роговицы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Structural and Functional Basis of Physiological and Reparative Regeneration of Corneal Tissues</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевлюк</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevlyuk</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевлюк Николай Николаевич</p><p>Ул. Советская, 6, Оренбург, 460000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai Shevlyuk</p><p>Ul. Sovetskaya, 6, Orenburg, 460000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k_histology@orgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радченко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radchenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стадников</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stadnikov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>90</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шевлюк Н.Н., Радченко А.В., Стадников А.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шевлюк Н.Н., Радченко А.В., Стадников А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shevlyuk N.N., Radchenko A.V., Stadnikov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/875">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/875</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена обзору и анализу научной литературы по вопросам физиологических и репаративных гистогенезов в роговице. Наиболее уязвимой при травмах передних отделов глаза является роговица. Поэтому чрезвычайно важное значение приобретает оценка процессов ее регенерации. В тканях роговицы имеются стволовые клетки, однако их регенерационный потенциал зависит от многих внутренних и внешних факторов. Наиболее значима роль стволовых клеток в регенерации переднего эпителия роговицы. Он постоянно обновляется путем митотического деления стволовых клеток роговичного фенотипа, расположенных в роговичном участке лимба и перилимбальной зоны. Клетки других слоев роговицы -кератоциты собственного вещества и эндотелиоциты делятся редко. Кератоциты становятся способными к пролиферации только под воздействием дополнительных факторов, а эндотелий восстанавливается путем растяжения и миграции неповрежденных эндотелиоцитов, и за счет внутриклеточной регенерации. Основной причиной нарушения репаративной регенерации тканей роговицы является синдром лимбаль-ноклеточной недостаточности, обусловленный дефицитом или дисфункцией стволовых клеток лимба. Недостаток стволовых клеток какого-либо типа тканей может привести к нарушению регенерации травмированной роговицы в результате опережающей пролиферации миофибробластов и секреции внеклеточного матрикса, что способствует формированию соединительнотканного рубца и помутнению роговицы. Повреждение лимбальной области существенно нарушает репаративные гистогенезы в роговице. Нормальная эпителизация роговицы возможна при сохранности не менее половины площади лимбаль-ной области.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the review and analysis of scientific literature on physiological and reparative histogenesis in the cornea. The most vulnerable in injuries of the anterior parts of the eye is the cornea. Therefore, it is extremely important to assess the processes of regeneration of the cornea. There are stem cells in the corneal tissues, but their contribution to its regeneration is different and depends on many internal and external factors. The most prominent role and importance of stem cells in the regeneration of the cornea is manifested in the regeneration of the anterior epithelium. It is constantly updated by mitotic division of corneal phenotype stem cells located in the corneal area of the limb and perilymbal zone. Cells of other layers of the cornea - keratocytes own substance and endothelial cells are rarely divided. Keratocytes are capable of proliferation under the influence of additional factors, and the endothelial repareret by stretching and migration of the endothelial cells intact and at the expense of intracellular regeneration. The main reason for the violation of reparative regeneration of corneal tissue is limbal cell insufficiency syndrome, due to deficiency or dysfunction of stem cells of the limb. The lack of stem cells of any type of tissue can lead to impaired regeneration of the injured cornea as a result of advanced proliferation of myofibroblasts and secretion of the extracellular matrix, which contributes to the formation of connective scar and corneal opacity. Damage to the limbal region significantly disrupts reparative histogenesis in the cornea. Normal epithelialization of the cornea is possible with the preservation of at least half of the area of the limbal region.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глаз</kwd><kwd>роговица</kwd><kwd>травма</kwd><kwd>регенерация</kwd><kwd>лимб</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>eye</kwd><kwd>cornea</kwd><kwd>trauma</kwd><kwd>regeneration</kwd><kwd>limb</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Борзенок СА., Онищенко НА., Тонаева Х.Д., Комах ЮА., Ковшун Е.В., Струсова НА. Сотрансплантация ММСК-подобных клеток лимба способствует местной иммунокоррекции и прозрачному приживлению трансплантата роговицы при кератопластике высокого риска. Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов. 2014; 16(1):12-31</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borzenok SA, Onishchenko NA, Tonaeva HD, Comach JA, Kovshun EV, Strusova NA. 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