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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2019-8-2-30-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-867</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Взаимосвязи формы полости малого таза, его морфометрических характеристик и компонентного состава тела женщин в норме и при пролапсе тазовых органов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Relationship of the Pelvic Cavity Shape, its Morphometric Characteristics and Body Composition of Women in Normal Conditions and in Case of Pelvic Organs Prolapse</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайворонский</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaivoronskii</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайворонский Иван Васильевич</p><p>Ул. Академика Лебедева, 6, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan Gaivoronskii</p><p>Ul. Akademika Lebedeva, 6, Saint-Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solnushko12@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ничипорук</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nichiporuk</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ничипорук</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nichiporuk</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайворонская</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaivoronskaya</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова; ФГБОУ ВО Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy named after S.M.Kirov; St. Petersburg State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy named after S.M.Kirov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University; Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy named after S.M.Kirov; Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гайворонский И.В., Ничипорук Н.Г., Ничипорук Г.И., Гайворонская М.Г., Семенова А.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гайворонский И.В., Ничипорук Н.Г., Ничипорук Г.И., Гайворонская М.Г., Семенова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gaivoronskii I.V., Nichiporuk N.G., Nichiporuk G.I., Gaivoronskaya M.G., Semenova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/867">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/867</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования - оценка взаимосвязи форм полости малого таза, его морфометрических характеристик и распределения компонентного состава тела у женщин в норме и при пролапсе тазовых органов.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. На 92 анатомических препаратах изучены особенности строения женского малого таза, а также проведено экспериментальное определение величины внутрибрюшного давления на область промежности. В клинической части работы с применением мультисрезовой спиральной компьютерной томографии, антропометрии и биоимпедансометрии обследовано 120 женщин с наличием пролапса тазовых органов (n=60) и без него. Статическая обработка полученных данных проведена с использованием программ «Statistica 10 forWindows», «MicrosoftExcel».</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Предложены оригинальные индексы таза, согласно которым выделены ранее не описанные суживающаяся книзу, цилиндрическая и расширяющаяся книзу формы полости малого таза. Выяснено, что расширяющаяся книзу и цилиндрическая формы полости малого таза наиболее часто встречаются у женщин, страдающих пролапсом тазовых органов. Установлено, что площади мочеполовой и заднепроходной областей промежности статистически меньше при суживающейся книзу форме малого таза, чем при расширяющейся. Показано значение сагиттального угла промежности, а также угла наклонения таза в распределении внутрибрюшного давления на ткани промежности. При этом угол наклонения таза при пролапсе тазовых органов достоверно меньше, чем у практически здоровых лиц, не страдающих изучаемым заболеванием. Прослежена отчетливая взаимосвязь между гинекоморфным типом телосложения, расширяющейся книзу формой малого таза и развитием пролапса. Показано, что общее содержание жира и уровень висцерального жира достоверно выше у женщин, страдающих пролапсом тазовых органов, чем в контрольной группе. Отмечено, что при пролапсе тазовых органов общее содержание воды и жира примерно одинаково, в то время как у практически здоровых женщин водный компонент значимо преобладает над жировым.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Анатомическими предпосылками пролапса тазовых органов у женщин являются: расширяющаяся книзу форма полости малого таза, увеличение сагиттального угла промежности, уменьшение угла наклонения таза, гинекоморфный тип телосложения и изменения компонентного состава тела (увеличение индекса массы тела, общего содержания жира, уровня висцерального жира, уменьшение общей мышечной массы).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the shapes of the pelvic cavity, its morphometric characteristics and the distribution of body composition in women in normal conditions and in case of pelvic organs prolapse.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The structural features of the female small pelvis were studied on 92 anatomical preparations, and an experimental determination of the value of intra-abdominal pressure on the perineal area was carried out. In the clinical part of the work, 120 women with and without pelvic organ prolapse (n=60) were examined using multislice spiral computed tomography, anthropometry and bioimpedancemetry. Static processing of the obtained data was carried out using the programs “Statistica 10 for Windows”, “Microsoft Excel”.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Original indices of the pelvis are proposed, according to which the cylindrical and pelvic cavity forms, which are not previously described, narrowing downwards and cylindrical and downwardly extending. It has been found that the downwardly expanding and cylindrical forms of the pelvic cavity are most often found in women suffering from pelvic organ prolapse. It has been established that the areas of the urogenital and anal areas of the perineum are statistically less with a pelvic shape narrowing downwards than with an expanding one. The value of the sagittal angle of the perineum, as well as the inclination angle of the pelvis in the distribution of intra-abdominal pressure on the tissue of the perineum is shown. At the same time, the inclination angle of the pelvis with prolapse of the pelvic organs is significantly less than that of practically healthy individuals who do not suffer from the disease being studied. A clear correlation between the gynecomorphic body type, the downwardly extending pelvic shape and the development of prolapse is traced. It is shown that the total fat content and visceral fat levels are significantly higher in women suffering from pelvic organ prolapse than in the control group. It is noted that with prolapse of the pelvic organs, the total content of water and fat is about the same, while in practically healthy women the water component significantly predominates over fat.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The anatomical prerequisites for pelvic organ prolapse in women are: the downwardly extending shape of the pelvic cavity, an increase in the sagittal angle of the perineum, a decrease in the inclination angle of the pelvis, a gynecomorphic body type and changes in body composition (increase in body mass index, total fat, visceral fat, decrease in total muscle mass).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биоимпедансометрия</kwd><kwd>индекс массы тела</kwd><kwd>индекс таза</kwd><kwd>компонентный состав тела</kwd><kwd>малый таз</kwd><kwd>общее содержание воды</kwd><kwd>общее содержание жира</kwd><kwd>предрасполагающий фактор</kwd><kwd>пролапс тазовых органов</kwd><kwd>уровень висцерального жира</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bioimpedancemetry</kwd><kwd>body mass index</kwd><kwd>pelvic index</kwd><kwd>component composition of the body</kwd><kwd>small pelvis</kwd><kwd>total water content</kwd><kwd>total fat</kwd><kwd>predisposing factor</kwd><kwd>pelvic organ prolapse</kwd><kwd>visceral fat level</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алиев ЭА., Ахмедова З.В. 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