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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2018-7-4-20-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-737</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРЕДОВЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анатомические основы оптимизации  ультразвуковых скрининговых исследований  в перинатологии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anatomical Basis for the Optimization of Ultrasound Screening Studies in Perinatology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Железнов</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zheleznov</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Железнов Лев Михайлович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, и.о. ректора</p><p>610998, г. Киров, ул. К. Маркса, 112</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lmz-a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леванова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levanova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Оренбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orenburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифорова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Оренбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orenburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саренко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Оренбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orenburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Кировский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kirov State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Оренбургский клинический перинатальный центр»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Orenburg Clinical Perinatal Center<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Железнов Л.М., Леванова О.А., Никифорова С.А., Саренко С.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Железнов Л.М., Леванова О.А., Никифорова С.А., Саренко С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zheleznov L.M., Levanova O.A., Nikiforova S.A., Sarenko S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/737">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/737</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье обсуждаются возможности расширения эффективности ультразвуковых скрининговых исследований в перинатологии по результатам обследования 894 плодов. Установлено, что стандартизации исследования способствует проведение его одним специалистом, на сканере одной модели, в течение достаточно короткого временного отрезка. На примере исследования тимуса, особенностей плодов инфицированных беременных, плодов женщин различного телосложения и роста показаны возможности морфометрического анализа для интерпретации клинических результатов, широкого изучения не только анатомии, но и топографии органов, применение законов учений о возрастной анатомии, индивидуальной анатомической изменчивости, клинической антропологии. Установлен диапазон региональной нормы по количественным прижизненным параметрам топографических и анатомических показателей тимуса в условиях крупного промышленного города у плодов здоровых беременных и исследованы их динамические изменения – абсолютный прирост и интенсивность роста  на этапах скринингового обследования. Впервые для описания количественной топографии тимуса у плодов были изучены кратчайшие расстояния от центра тела позвонка а также до центра восходящей аорты, легочного ствола и верхней полой вены, тимико-торакальный индекс, прослежена динамика их роста. Впервые определены количественные критерии и динамические особенности изменения (бипариетального, лобно-затылочного размеров и окружности головы, окружности живота, длины бедренной кости, размеров тимуса) у плодов ВИЧ-инфицированных беременных. Впервые прижизненно комплексно исследованы фетометрические показатели вынашиваемых плодов у низко-, средне- и высокорослых беременных брахи-, мезо- и долихоморфного соматотипов на этапах второго и третьего ультразвукового скринингового обследования. Показаны корреляционные взаимоотношения показателей фетометрии с антропометрическими параметрами у низко-, средне- и высокорослых беременных брахи-, мезо- и долихоморфного соматотипов на этапах второго и третьего ультразвукового скриннингового обследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses the possibilities of expanding the effectiveness of ultrasound screening studies in perinatology based on the results of a study of 894 fetuses. It is established that the standardization of the study is facilitated by one specialist, on the scanner of one model, during a sufficiently short time interval. The range of the regional norm for quantitative intravital parameters of topographic and anatomical parameters of the thymus in the conditions of a large industrial city in healthy pregnant females has been determined and their dynamic changes – absolute growth and growth intensity at the screening inspection stages have been studied. For the first time to describe the quantitative topography of the thymus in fetuses, the shortest distances from the center of the vertebral body and also to the center of the ascending aorta, the pulmonary trunk and the superior vena cava, the thymic-thoracic index were studied, and the dynamics of their growth were traced. For the first time quantitative criteria and dynamic features of the change (biparietal, fronto-occipital dimensions and head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length, thymus size) in fetuses of HIV-infected pregnant women were determined. For the first time, the fetometric parameters of the bearing fruit in low-, medium- and high-growth pregnant brachy-, meso- and dolichomorphic somatotypes at the stages of the second and third ultrasonic screening. Correlation relationships of fetometry indicators with anthropometric parameters in low-, medium- and tall pregnant brachy-, mezo- and dolichomorphic somatotypes at the stages of the second and third ultrasonic screening survey are shown. The possibilities of morphometric analysis, wide study not only of anatomy, but also of the topography of organs, the application of the laws of teachings on age anatomy, individual anatomical variability, and clinical anthropology are shown on the example of thymus research, features of fetuses of HIV-infected pregnant women, fetuses of women of different constitution and growth.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анатомия</kwd><kwd>топография</kwd><kwd>плод</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковое сканирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anatomy</kwd><kwd>topography</kwd><kwd>fetus</kwd><kwd>ultrasound scanning</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Железнов Л. М., Леванова О. А., Никифорова С. А., Саренко А. А., Ульянов О. В. Анатомические аспекты ультразвуковой фетометрии. 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