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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2026-15-2-75-82</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-2259</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ксантогранулематозный эндометрит как основа резистентного воспаления в послеродовом периоде: клиническое наблюдение, патоморфологическая верификация и анализ патогенетических механизмов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Xanthogranulomatous Endometritis as a Cause of Refractory Inflammation in the Postpartum Period: A Case Report with Pathomorphological Verification and Pathogenetic Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-4555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вотинцев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Votintsev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вотинцев Алексей Александрович – канд. мед. наук, профессор кафедры гистологии, биологии и патологической анатомии</p><p> ул. Мира, 40, Ханты-Мансийск, Тюменская область, 620011</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei A. Votintsev – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Professor at the Department of Histology, Biology and Pathological Anatomy</p><p>Khanty-Mansiysk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aa.votincev@hmgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ходыкин</surname><given-names>Г. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khodykin</surname><given-names>G. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ходыкин Григорий Петрович – врач-патологоанатом</p><p>Ханты-Мансийск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigorii P. Khodykin – pathologist</p><p>Khanty-Mansiysk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aa.rogozina@hmgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2112-3862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогозина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogozina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рогозина Александра Александровна – канд. мед. наук, врач-патологоанатом</p><p>Ханты-Мансийск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra A. Rogozina – Cand. Sci. (Med.), pathologist</p><p>Khanty-Mansiysk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aa.rogozina@hmgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ханты-Мансийская государственная медицинская академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Окружная клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вотинцев А.А., Ходыкин Г.П., Рогозина А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вотинцев А.А., Ходыкин Г.П., Рогозина А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Votintsev A.A., Khodykin G.P., Rogozina A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2259">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2259</self-uri><abstract><p>Ксантогранулематозное воспаление в слизистой оболочке матки представляет собой казуистически редкое патологическое состояние, характеризующееся инфильтрацией ткани эндометрия пенистыми гистиоцитарными элементами (ксантомными клетками) с вариабельным количеством ассоциированных гигантских многоядерных клеток, других клеток хронического воспаления, в некоторых случаях участками некроза, кальцификатами, гранулами гемосидерина. Научные публикации, касающиеся детального описания данных случаев в литературе крайне малочисленны, а случаи выявления данного состояния, как правило, сопряжены с затрудненной клинической диагностикой и лечением карциномы эндометрия. Детального описания данного состояния в послеродовом периоде в доступных научных публикациях выявить не удалось.</p><p>Цель – на основе анализа редкого клинического наблюдения хронического ксантогранулематозного эндометрита у пациентки 29 лет в позднем послеродовом периоде определить клинико-морфологические критерии диагностики и патогенетические особенности заболевания, проявляющиеся в условиях инволютивной перестройки эндометрия.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведено патоморфологическое исследование материала, полученного при вакуум-аспирации из полости матки с использованием стандартной окраски гематоксилином и эозином, дополнительной гистохимической окраски по методу Перлса, а также иммуногистохимическое исследование с использованием моноклональных антител к CD68.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Заболевание характеризовалось резистентностью к стандартной антибактериальной терапии, диагноз был верифицирован морфологически после проведения выскабливания полости матки. Патогистологическая картина эндометрия была представлена продуктивной тканевой воспалительной реакцией с накоплением в строме эндометрия пенистых гистиоцитов, смешанных с клетками острого и хронического воспаления на фоне персистирующего железистого полипа эндоцервикса. В статье проведен углубленный анализ патогенетических механизмов данного состояния, акцентирована роль обструкции цервикального канала эндоцервикальным полипом в морфогенезе послеродового ксантогранулематозного эндометрита. Подчеркивается критическая важность своевременного проведения патогистологического исследования для постановки корректного диагноза и выбора адекватной тактики ведения пациенток репродуктивного возраста.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the uterine mucosa is an exceedingly rare pathological condition characterized by the infiltration of the endometrial tissue by foamy histiocytic elements (xanthoma cells) with a variable admixture of associated multinucleated giant cells, other chronic inflammatory cells, and, in some cases, areas of necrosis, calcifications, and hemosiderin granules. Scientific publications providing detailed descriptions of such cases are extremely scarce in the literature, and reported instances are typically associated with challenging clinical diagnosis and management of endometrial carcinoma. A search of available scientific publications revealed no reports detailing this condition in the postpartum period.</p><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and morphological diagnostic criteria and pathogenetic features of chronic xanthogranulomatous endometritis in a 29-year-old woman during the late puerperium, based on a rare case analysis, with particular reference to their manifestation under conditions of endometrial involutional changes.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A pathomorphological examination was performed on material obtained by vacuum aspiration from the uterine cavity. The analysis included standard hematoxylin and eosin staining, additional histochemical staining using Perl's method (Perls' stain), and immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibodies against CD68.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The disease was characterized by resistance to standard antibiotic therapy, and the diagnosis was confirmed morphologically following uterine curettage. The histopathological picture of the endometrium revealed a productive tissue inflammatory reaction featuring an accumulation of foamy histiocytes within the endometrial stroma, intermixed with acute and chronic inflammatory cells, against a background of a persistent endocervical glandular polyp. The article provides an in-depth analysis of the pathogenetic mechanisms of this condition, emphasizing the role of cervical canal obstruction by the endocervical polyp in the morphogenesis of postpartum xanthogranulomatous endometritis. The critical importance of timely histopathological examination for establishing a correct diagnosis and determining an appropriate management strategy for women of reproductive age is underscored.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ксантогранулематозный эндометрит</kwd><kwd>патоморфологическая диагностика</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>морфогенез</kwd><kwd>пенистые макрофаги</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>xanthogranulomatous endometritis</kwd><kwd>pathomorphological diagnosis</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>morphogenesis</kwd><kwd>foamy macrophages</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пальцев М.А., Пауков В.С., Серов В.В. и др. Воспаление. Патологическая анатомия: национальное руководство; под ред. М.А. Пальцева, В.С. Паукова, В.В. Серова. М.: ГЭОТАРМедиа, 2022. 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