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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2026-15-1-38-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-2218</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Иммуногистохимические и ультраструктурные особенности многоядерных гигантских клеток трофобласта при патологическом прикреплении плаценты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Features of Multinucleated Giant Trophoblast Cells in Abnormally Invasive Placenta</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5592-5690</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Низяева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nizyaeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Низяева Наталья Викторовна – д-р мед. наук, зав. лабораторией патологии репродукции НИИ морфологии человека им. акад. А.П. Авцына</p><p>пер. Абрикосовский, 2, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natal'ya V. Nizyaeva – Doct. Sci. (Med.), Head of Reproductive Pathology Laboratory, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology </p><p>per. Abrikosovskii, 2, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">niziaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-8688</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухачева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhacheva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сухачева Татьяна Владимировна – канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории патологии репродукции НИИ морфологии человека им. акад. А.П. Авцына</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tat'yana V. Sukhacheva – Cand. Sci (Biol.), Senior Researcher of Reproductive Pathology Laboratory, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sukhachevat@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2460-1623</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милютина</surname><given-names>Е. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milyutina</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Милютина Екатерина Романовна – врач акушергинеколог родового отделения</p><p>Видное</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina R. Milyutina – obstetrician-gynecologist of the maternity ward</p><p>Vidnoye</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2278-2624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габитова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabitova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Габитова Наталия Алексеевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор; отделение патологии беременности</p><p>Видное</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya A. Gabitova – Dr. Sci (Med.), Prof., Department of Pregnancy Pathology</p><p>Vidnoye</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gabitova_nataliya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3804-7691</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоусова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belousova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белоусова Тамара Николаевна – канд. мед. наук, главный врач</p><p>Видное</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara N. Belousova – Cand. Sci (Med.), Head </p><p>Vidnoye</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">beltamara1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2467-7660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фокина</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fokina</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фокина Татьяна Васильевна – канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории патологии репродукции НИИ морфологии человека им. акад. А.П. Авцына</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tat'yana V. Fokina – Cand. Sci (Med.), Senior Researcher of Reproductive Pathology Laboratory, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatyana-doc-6@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8736-8032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пацаев</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Patsaev</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пацаев Тимофей Дмитриевич – младший научный сотрудник ресурсного центра зондовой и электронной микроскопии; Курчатовский институт</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timofei D. Patsaev – Junior Researcher at the Resource Center for Probe and Electron Microscopy</p><p>Moscow</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timpatsaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мнихович</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mnikhovich</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мнихович Максим Валерьевич – канд. мед. наук, доцент, ведущий научн. сотр. центральной патологоанатомической лаборатории НИИ морфологии человека им. акад. А.П. Авцына; зав. кафедрой нормальной анатомии человека Медицинского университета им. Б.В. Петровского</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim V. Mnikhovich – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, leading researcher of Central pathoanatomical laboratory of A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology; Head of the Department of Normal Human Anatomy of B.V. Petrovsky Medical University</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mnichmaxim@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2052-914X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михалева</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaleva</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михалева Людмила Михайловна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, чл.-корр. РАН, зав. лабораторией клинической морфологии НИИ морфологии человека им. акад. А.П. Авцына</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila M. Mikhaleva – Doct. Sci. (Med.), Head of Clinical Morphology Laboratory, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0273-9669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабаева</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babaeva</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бабаева Мария Николаевна – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории патологии репродукции НИИ морфологии человека им. акад. А.П. Авцына</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya N. Babaeva – Junior Researcher of Reproductive Pathology Laboratory, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aneira@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Видновский перинатальный центр<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Vidnovsky Perinatal Center<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский центр «Курчатовский Институт»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kurchatov National Research Center<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Низяева Н.В., Сухачева Т.В., Милютина Е.Р., Габитова Н.А., Белоусова Т.Н., Фокина Т.В., Пацаев Т.Д., Мнихович М.В., Михалева Л.М., Бабаева М.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Низяева Н.В., Сухачева Т.В., Милютина Е.Р., Габитова Н.А., Белоусова Т.Н., Фокина Т.В., Пацаев Т.Д., Мнихович М.В., Михалева Л.М., Бабаева М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nizyaeva N.V., Sukhacheva T.V., Milyutina E.R., Gabitova N.A., Belousova T.N., Fokina T.V., Patsaev T.D., Mnikhovich M.V., Mikhaleva L.M., Babaeva M.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2218">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2218</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования заключалась в оценке морфологических, ультраструктурных и иммуногистохимических характеристик многоядерных гигантских клеток трофобласта (МГКТ) в миометрии пациенток (34–38 недель гестации) при аномальной инвазии плаценты.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включены 31 беременная женщина 27–43 лет, из которых 19 женщин (срок гестации 34–38 недель) с патологическим прикреплением плаценты, у которых было выявлено приращение плаценты (pl. accreta) (n=7) и врастание плаценты (pl. increta) (n=12) в стенку матки. В группу сравнения включены женщины (n=12) без патологического прикрепления плаценты. Фрагменты миометрия фиксировали в 10% растворе формалина, заключали в парафин, с окрашиванием гематоксилином и эозином. Иммуногистохимическое исследование выполнено на парафиновых срезах плаценты с использованием первичных антител к цитокератину 8, СD68, TF (тканевому фактору, tissue factor), СD163, СD206, СD14, CD16, IGFBP-1, плацентарному лактогену (ПЛ), b-ХГЧ; исследованы также и ультраструктурные особенности МГКТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Эпителиальный фенотип МГКТ был подтвержден выявлением цитокератина 8, слабой экспрессией плацентарного лактогена, b-ХГЧ, тканевого фактора (tissue factor) и отсутствием экспрессии как маркеров макрофагального происхождения (СD68, СD206, CD14, CD16, CD163), так и маркера децидуальных клеток (IGFBP-1). В образцах группы сравнения МГКТ были единичны. Выявленные ультраструктурные признаки МГКТ – значительное количество цистерн гранулярного эндоплазматического ретикулума, наличие большого количества митохондрий, структур комплекса Гольджи показывает их высокую синтетическую и секреторную активность. В то же время наличие множественных микроворсинок на их поверхности указывает на способность к дальнейшей инвазии, что может быть особенно важно при врастании плаценты.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, была подтверждена эпителиальная природа МГКТ, а также показана высокая синтетическая активность этих клеток, их способность к инвазии и миграции в стенку матки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to assess the morphological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical features of multinucleated giant trophoblast cells (MGTCs) within the myometrium of women (at 34– 38 weeks of gestation) presenting with abnormally invasive placenta.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 31 pregnant women aged 27–43 years, of whom 19 women (at 34–38 weeks of gestation) had pathological placental attachment, with identified placenta accreta (n=7) and placenta increta (n=12) into the uterine wall. The comparison group consisted of women (n=12) without pathological placental attachment. Myometrial fragments were fixed in 10% formalin solution, embedded in paraffin, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemical examination was performed on paraffin sections of the placenta using primary antibodies to cytokeratin 8, CD68, TF (tissue factor), CD163, CD206, CD14, CD16, IGFBP-1, placental lactogen (PL), and bhCG; ultrastructural features of MGTCs were also studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The epithelial phenotype of MGTCs was confirmed by the detection of cytokeratin 8, weak expression of placental lactogen, b-hCG, tissue factor, and the absence of expression of both macrophage lineage markers (CD68, CD206, CD14, CD16, CD163) and the decidual cell marker (IGFBP-1). In samples from the comparison group, MGTCs were sparse. The identified ultrastructural features MGTCs such as a significant number of granular endoplasmic reticulum cisternae, the presence of numerous mitochondria, and Golgi complex structures — indicate their high synthetic and secretory activity. At the same time, the presence of multiple microvilli on their surface suggests the capacity for further invasion, which may be particularly important in placenta increta.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, the epithelial origin of MGTCs was confirmed, and their high synthetic activity, as well as their ability to invade and migrate into the uterine wall, was demonstrated.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>патологическое прикрепление плаценты</kwd><kwd>многоядерные гигантские клетки трофобласта</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>placenta accreta spectrum</kwd><kwd>multinucleated giant trophoblast cells</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куликов И.А., Низяева Н.В., Сухачёва Т.В., Серов Р.А., Тихонова Н.Б., Фокина Т.В., и др. 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