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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2025-14-4-70-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-2186</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКОЕ СООБЩЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRIEF ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительное электронно-микроскопическое и  микроскопическое исследование сперматид на  ранних этапах спремиогенеза у млекопитающих</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Electron and Light Microscopy of Early   Spermatids during Mammalian Spermiogenesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-5406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ul'yanov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ульянов Игнатий Андреевич – аспирант</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inatii A. Ul'yanov – postgraduate</p><p>Voronezh </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянов</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ul'yanov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ульянов Андрей Григорьевич – канд. с.-х. наук, доцент кафедры частной зоотехнии</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei G. Ul'yanov – Cand. Sci. (Agricult.), Associate Professor at the Department of Private Animal Science</p><p>Voronezh </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agu16@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котарев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotarev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котарев Вячеслав Иванович – д-р. с.-х. наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории гематологии и биохимии отдела клинико-лабораторных исследований</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav I. Kotarev – Doct. Sci. (Agricult.), Chief Researcher of the Laboratory of Hematology and Biochemistry of the Department of Clinical Laboratory Research</p><p>Voronezh </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kotarev60@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1510-8543</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Н. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alexeeva</surname><given-names>N. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеева Наталия Тимофеевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой нормальной анатомии человека </p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya T. Alexeeva – Doct. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Human Anatomy Department </p><p>Voronezh </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexeevant@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8232-4858</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торгун</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Torgun</surname><given-names>P. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Торгун Петр Макарович – д-р. ветеринар. наук, профессор кафедры акушерства, анатомии и хирургии</p><p>ул. Мичурина, 1, Воронеж, 394087</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr M. Torgun – Doct. Sci. (Veterinary), Professor at the Department of Obstetrics, Anatomy and Surgery</p><p>ul. Michurina, 1, Voronezh, 394087</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pet.torgun@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-7607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клочкова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klochkova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клочкова Светлана Валерьевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры анатомии человека </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Klochkova – Doct. Sci. (Med.), Professor of Human Anatomy Department </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">swetlana.chava@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2259-1222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитюк</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikityuk</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никитюк Дмитрий Борисович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, акад. РАН, директор ФИЦ питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii B. Nikityuk – Doct. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Acad. of RAS, head of Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dimitrynik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лободин</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobodin</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лободин Константин Алексеевич – д-р. ветеринар. наук, зав. кафедрой акушерства, анатомии и хирургии</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin A. Lobodin – Doct. Sci. (Veterinary), Head of the Department of Obstetrics, Anatomy and Surgery</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0029-0143</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лозовой</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lozovoi</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лозовой Никита Михайлович – аспирант кафедры акушерства, анатомии и хирургии</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita M. Lozovoi – postgraduate of the Department of Obstetrics, Anatomy and Surgery</p><p>Voronezh </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5001-4963</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лозовая</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lozovaya</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лозовая Елена Геннадиевна – доцент кафедры акушерства, анатомии и хирургии</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena G. Lozovaya – Associate Professor of the Department of Obstetrics, Anatomy and Surgery</p><p>Voronezh </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">llozovaja@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4543-0135</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мозговая</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mozgovaya</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мозговая Елена Ивановна – старший преподаватель кафедры акушерства, анатомии и хирургии</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Mozgovaya – senior lecturer of the Department of Obstetrics, Anatomy and Surgery</p><p>Voronezh </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mosgovaja59@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный аграрный университет им. императора Петра I<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Emperor Peter the Great Voronezh State Agrarian University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский ветеринарный институт патологии,  фармакологии и терапии<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology, and Therapy<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The Federal Research Centre of Biotechnology and Food Safety; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ульянов И.А., Ульянов А.Г., Котарев В.И., Алексеева Н.Т., Торгун П.М., Клочкова С.В., Никитюк Д.Б., Лободин К.А., Лозовой Н.М., Лозовая Е.Г., Мозговая Е.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ульянов И.А., Ульянов А.Г., Котарев В.И., Алексеева Н.Т., Торгун П.М., Клочкова С.В., Никитюк Д.Б., Лободин К.А., Лозовой Н.М., Лозовая Е.Г., Мозговая Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ul'yanov I.A., Ul'yanov A.G., Kotarev V.I., Alexeeva N.T., Torgun P.M., Klochkova S.V., Nikityuk D.B., Lobodin K.A., Lozovoi N.M., Lozovaya E.G., Mozgovaya E.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2186">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2186</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – сравнительная электронно-микроскопическая и микроскопическая характеристика первых двух фаз спермиогенеза у семи видов млекопитающих. Материал и методы. Для электронной микроскопии образцы яичек фиксировали в 2,5%-ном глютаровом альдегиде и в 1% осмиевом фиксаторе. Готовили срезы на ультрамикротомах БС-490 и ЛКБ-4800. Срезы контрастировали уранилацетатом и цитратом свинца и изучали в электронном микроскопе «Тесла БС-500». Результаты. В первой фазе Гольджи аппарат Гольджи образуют акросомический пузырек и мелкие гранулы. В период второй фазы колпачка в акросомическом пузырьке мелкие гранулы объединяются в одну большую гранулу. Акросомический пузырек вместе с акросомической гранулой распластывается над ядром, образуя колпачок. У северного морского котика, черно-бурого лиса, норки выявлены углубления в ядре сперматид в местах расположения акросомического пузырька. У барана, калана и речного бобра углубление в ядрах сперматид в месте прилегания пузырька отсутствует. Заключение. В период фазы Гольджи происходит формирование акросомического пузырька и акросомической гранулы. В период фазы колпачка акросомическая структура распластывается над апикальной поверхностью ядра, формирует колпачок над ядром. У северного морского котика, лиса и норки акросомический пузырек образует глубокое углубление в ядро сперматиды, которое не выявлено у барана, речного бобра и калана.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to compare the electron microscopic and microscopic characteristics of the first two phases of spermiogenesis in seven mammalian species. Material and methods. For electron microscopy, testicular specimens were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 1% osmium fixative. Sections were prepared on BS-490 and LKB-4800 ultramicrotomes. Sections were contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and examined under a Tesla BS-500 electron microscope. Results. During the first Golgi phase, the Golgi apparatus forms an acrosomal vesicle and small granules. During the second cap phase, the small granules in the acrosomal vesicle combine to form a single large granule. The acrosomal vesicle and acrosomal granule spread over the nucleus, forming a cap. In northern fur seals, silver foxes, and minks, indentations in the spermatid nuclei were found at the location of the acrosomal vesicle. In sheep, sea otters, and beavers, indentations in the spermatid nuclei at the vesicle attachment site are absent. Conclusion. During the Golgi phase, the acrosomal vesicle and acrosomal granule form. During the cap phase, the acrosomal structure spreads over the apical surface of the nucleus, forming a cap over the nucleus. In the northern fur seal, fox, and mink, the acrosomal vesicle forms a deep depression in the spermatid nucleus, which is not found in the ram, beaver, and sea otter.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спермиогенез</kwd><kwd>электронная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>фазы Гольджи и колпачка</kwd><kwd>акросомический пузырек</kwd><kwd>акросомическая гранула</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spermiogenesis</kwd><kwd>electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>Golgi and cap phases</kwd><kwd>acrosomal vesicle</kwd><kwd>acrosomal  granule</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бороздин Э.К. Сперматогенез и цикл семенного эпителия у северного оленя. Архив анатомии. 1964;16(5):33-39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borozdin EK. Spermatogenez i tsikl semennogo epiteliya u severnogo olenya. 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