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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2025-14-3-59-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-2143</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Топография и линейные размеры нижней щитовидной артерии у мужчин и женщин</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Thyroid Inferior Artery Topography and Linear Dimensions in Males and Females</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8224-824X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлов Артем Владимирович - д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой анатомии.</p><p>ул. Высоковольтная, 9, Рязань, 390026</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem V. Pavlov - Doct. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Anatomy Department, I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University.</p><p>Vysokovol'tnaya ul., 9, Ryazan, 390026</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">av.pavlov-rzgmu@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3974-3792</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чугунов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chugunov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чугунов Никита Андреевич - ассистент кафедры анатомии.</p><p>Рязань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita A. Chugunov - Teaching Assistant at the Anatomy Department, I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University.</p><p>Ryazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nichygynov2013@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6462-9705</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефратов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efratov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефратов Алексей Юрьевич - старший преподаватель кафедры медицины катастроф и скорой медицинской помощи.</p><p>Рязань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei Yu. Efratov - Senior Lecturer at the Department of Disaster Medicine and Emergency Medical Care, I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University.</p><p>Ryazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Dr.efratov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7880-1164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Введенский</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vvedenskii</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Введенский Артем Игоревич - канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры анатомии.</p><p>Рязань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem I. Vvedenskii - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Anatomy Department, I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University.</p><p>Ryazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ai_vvedenskiy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9381-1473</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлова Любовь Артемовна – студент.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov' A. Pavlova – student, St. Petersburg State University.</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">la05pavlova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Павлов А.В., Чугунов Н.А., Ефратов А.Ю., Введенский А.И., Павлова Л.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Павлов А.В., Чугунов Н.А., Ефратов А.Ю., Введенский А.И., Павлова Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pavlov A.V., Chugunov N.A., Efratov A.Y., Vvedenskii A.I., Pavlova L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2143">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2143</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – выявление половых особенностей топографии и линейных размеров нижней щитовидной артерии. Материал и методы. Работа выполнена на 56 органокомплексах шеи, состоящих из дуги аорты, общих и наружных сонных артерий, подключичных артерий, гортани, шейной части трахеи и пищевода, и 400 сканах КТ-ангиографии головы и шеи. Органо-комплексы предварительно препарировали. Артериальный бассейн нижней щитовидной артерии инъецировали массой на основе окрашенного желатина, после чего препараты фиксировали в 10% растворе формалина и окончательно препарировали. Фотографии полученных препаратов анализировали с помощью наложенной сетки. Анализ КТ-сканов выполняли в программе IMV DICOM Viewer (ИМВИЖН, 2023). Для оценки статистических гипотез рассчитывали критерии Манна–Уитни (U), Краскела–Уоллиса (Н) и хи-квадрат (χ2). Результаты. Установлены различия между уровнем отхождения нижней щитовидной артерии справа и слева, а также обнаружены половые различия в расположении ее устья относительно нижнего полюса доли щитовидной железы. Также отмечено наличие статистически значимых различий в значениях длины и диаметра нижней щитовидной артерии у лиц разного пола с разной длиной шеи. Заключение. Показаны отличия в расположении устья нижней щитовидной артерии относительно пола и длины шеи. Выявлено, что артерия формирует дугу чаще справа на уровне нижней трети соответствующей доли щитовидной железы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study is to identify sex-related features of the topography and linear dimensions of the inferior thyroid artery. Material and methods. The study was performed on 56 neck organ complexes, which included the aortic arch, common and external carotid arteries, subclavian arteries, larynx, cervical part of the trachea and esophagus, and on 400 head and neck CT angiography scans. The organ complexes were preliminarily dissected. The arterial bed of the inferior thyroid artery was injected with a colored gelatin-based mass. Subsequently, the specimens were fixed in a 10% formalin solution and underwent final dissection. Photographs of the resulting preparations were analyzed using an overlaid grid. The CT scans were analyzed using the IMV DICOM Viewer software (IMVISION, 2023). For statistical hypothesis testing, the Mann–Whitney U test, the Kruskal–Wallis H test, and the Chi-square (χ2) test were calculated. Results. Differences were established in the level of origin of the inferior thyroid artery between the right and left sides. Sex-related differences were also found in the location of its orifice relative to the inferior pole of the thyroid gland lobe. Furthermore, the presence of statistically significant differences in the length and diameter of the inferior thyroid artery was noted between individuals of different sexes and with varying neck lengths. Conclusion. The study showed differences in the position of the inferior thyroid artery orifice associated with sex and neck length. Furthermore, it was found that the artery forms an arch more often on the right side, at the level of the lower third of the corresponding thyroid lobe.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вариантная анатомия</kwd><kwd>щитовидная железа</kwd><kwd>нижняя щитовидная артерия</kwd><kwd>пол</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anatomical variations</kwd><kwd>thyroid gland</kwd><kwd>inferior thyroid artery</kwd><kwd>sex</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куприн А.А., Малюга В.Ю., Степанова Е.А. Артериальное кровоснабжение внутренних органов шеи: анатомия, топография, клиническое значение в эндокринной хирургии. Эндокринная хирургия. 2021;15(3):4-22. doi: 10.14341/serg12720 (in Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuprin AA, Malyuga VY, Stepanova EA. 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