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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2025-14-3-68-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-2141</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности фенотипов клеток суставного хряща головки бедренной кости при врожденном вывихе бедра</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phenotypic Features of Articular Cartilage Cells in the Femoral Head in Congenital Hip Dislocation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9575-4096</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пахомова</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pakhomova</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пахомова Наталья Юрьевна - канд. мед. наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела организации научных исследований.</p><p>ул. Фрунзе, 17, г. Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natal'ya Yu. Pakhomova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher Research Department of Scientific Research Organization, Y.L. Tsivyan Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics.</p><p>Frunze ul., 17, Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ssi-proekt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5789-6982</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Строкова</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strokova</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Строкова Елена Леонидовна - канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела организации научных исследований.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena L. Strokova - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Research Department of Scientific Research Organization, Y.L. Tsivyan Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">estrokova-1985-10-14@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6535-1627</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевченко Александр Игоревич - канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпигенетики развития.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr I. Shevchenko - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher of Developmental Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">epigene@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-3347</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожевников</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhevnikov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кожевников Вадим Витальевич - канд. мед. наук, зав. отделением детской ортопедии.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim V. Kozhevnikov - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of Pediatric Orthopedics Department, Y.L. Tsivyan Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vadim-barnaul@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4290-1938</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Машак</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mashak</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Машак Светлана Владимировна - д-р. мед. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Mashak - Doct. Sci. (Med.), Professor of Histology, Embryology and Cytology Department, Novosibirsk State Medical University.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetlana_mashak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3405-5993</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Залавина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zalavina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Залавина Светлана Васильевна - д-р. мед. наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Zalavina - Doct. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of Histology, Embryology and Cytology Department, Novosibirsk State Medical University.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zalavinasv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4334-217X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жуков Дмитрий Викторович - д-р. мед. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры травматологии и ортопедии.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii V. Zhukov - Doct. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of Traumatology and Orthopedics Department, Novosibirsk State Medical University.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhukdvzhukov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9231-5891</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корыткин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korytkin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корыткин Андрей Александрович - канд. мед. наук, доцент, директор.</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei A. Korytkin - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of Y.L. Tsivyan Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics.</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">niito@niito.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский научно-исследовательский институт травматологии и ортопедии им. Я.Л. Цивьяна</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ya.L. Tsivyan Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт цитологии и генетики</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cytology and Genetics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пахомова Н.Ю., Строкова Е.Л., Шевченко А.И., Кожевников В.В., Машак С.В., Залавина С.В., Жуков Д.В., Корыткин А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пахомова Н.Ю., Строкова Е.Л., Шевченко А.И., Кожевников В.В., Машак С.В., Залавина С.В., Жуков Д.В., Корыткин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pakhomova N.Y., Strokova E.L., Shevchenko A.I., Kozhevnikov V.V., Mashak S.V., Zalavina S.V., Zhukov D.V., Korytkin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2141">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2141</self-uri><abstract><p>Врожденный вывих бедра является проявлением тяжелой степени дисплазии тазобедренного сустава, инвалидизирующей ортопедической патологией с невыясненными патогенетическими механизмами и этиологическими факторами. При врожденном вывихе бедра выявляются диспластические процессы в хрящевой ткани суставной поверхности головки бедренной кости. Изучение фенотипов клеток суставной хрящевой ткани головки бедренной кости позволит понять этиопатогенетические механизмы данной патологии. Цель исследования – изучить фенотипы клеток суставного хряща головки бедренной кости при врожденном вывихе бедра. Материал и методы. Проведен иммуноцитохимический анализ культуры клеток суставного гиалинового хряща головки бедренной кости, полученных от 5 пациентов с врожденным вывихом бедра. Было выполнено 5 пассажей культивирования клеток. Статистическую обработку количественных данных выполняли при помощи программы Microsoft Exсel. Результаты. При культивировании было получено два типа клеток разного фенотипа. На основании положительной иммуноцитохимической реакции с ключевым маркером хондрогенной дифференцировки (к коллагену II типа) первый тип клеток идентифицирован как хондроциты и хондробласты – клетки округлой и полигональной формы, образующие монослой. Второй тип – отростчатые биполярные и мультиполярные клетки, расположенные обособленно, которые проявляли положительную иммуноцитохимическую реакцию на ранние нейральные маркеры PAX6, SOX1, SOX2, Musashi1 и поздний нейральный маркер NF200. Эти клетки были определены как клетки нейрального происхождения. Заключение. Полученные данные позволят оценить участие клеток нейральной природы в этиопатогенетических механизмах формирования врожденного вывиха бедра. Взаимосвязь процессов, происходящих в эмбриогенезе – изменение процесса миграции клеток нервного гребня, их эктопическая локализация и развитие дисплазии тазобедренного сустава (врожденного вывиха бедра) – требуют дальнейшего изучения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Congenital hip dislocation is a manifestation of a severe degree of hip joint dysplasia, a disabling orthopedic pathology with unclear pathogenetic mechanisms and etiological factors. In congenital hip dislocation, dysplastic processes are identified in the cartilage tissue of the articular surface of the femoral head. Studying the phenotypic characteristics of the articular cartilage cells in the femoral head will help to understand the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of this pathology. The study aims to characterize the cell phenotypes in the femoral head articular cartilage associated with congenital hip dislocation. Material and methods. An immunohistochemical analysis was performed on a culture of articular hyaline cartilage cells from the femoral head obtained from 5 patients with congenital hip dislocation. Five cell culture passages were carried out. Statistical processing of the quantitative data was performed using Microsoft Excel software. Results. During culturing, two cell types of different phenotypes were obtained. Based on a positive immunocytochemical reaction with a key marker of chondrogenic differentiation (anti-type II collagen), the first cell type was identified as chondrocytes and chondroblasts. These are round and polygonal cells that form a monolayer. The second type consisted of process-bearing bipolar and multipolar cells, located in isolation, which exhibited a positive immunocytochemical reaction for the early neural markers PAX6, SOX1, SOX2, Musashi1, and the late neural marker NF200. These cells were defined as being of neural origin. Conclusion. The obtained data will help to assess the involvement of neural-origin cells in the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of congenital hip dislocation development. The interrelationship of the processes occurring during embryogenesis, such as altered migration of neural crest cells, their ectopic localization, and the development of hip joint dysplasia (congenital hip dislocation) requires further investigation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>врожденный вывих бедра</kwd><kwd>суставной хрящ</kwd><kwd>хондроциты</kwd><kwd>коллаген II типа</kwd><kwd>нервный гребень</kwd><kwd>фенотип</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hip dislocation</kwd><kwd>congenital</kwd><kwd>cartilage</kwd><kwd>articular</kwd><kwd>chondrocytes</kwd><kwd>collagen type II</kwd><kwd>neural crest</kwd><kwd>phenotype</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малахов О.А., Кралина С.Э. Врожденный вывих бедра (клиническая картина, диагностика, консервативное лечение). 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