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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2025-14-3-24-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-2134</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Форма большого седалищного отверстия у лиц зрелого возраста по данным компьютерной томографии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Shape of the Greater Sciatic Foramen in Adults Based on Computed Tomography Data</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9684-8250</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasil'ev</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильев Роман Сергеевич – ассистент кафедры анатомии человека.</p><p>ул. Ленина, 12, Омск, 644099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman S. Vasil'ev – Teaching Assistant at the Department of Human Anatomy, Omsk State Medical University.</p><p>Lenina ul., 12, Omsk, 644099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">allody2000.roman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8975-0734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Путалова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Putalova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Путалова Ирина Николаевна – д-р. мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой анатомии человека.</p><p>ул. Ленина, 12, Омск, 644099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Putalova – Doct. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Human Anatomy Department, Omsk State Medical University.</p><p>Lenina ul., 12, Omsk, 644099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inputalova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4061-8038</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доровских</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorovskikh</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доровских Галина Николаевна – д-р. мед. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии ДПО.</p><p>ул. Ленина, 12, Омск, 644099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina N. Dorovskikh – Doct. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Professor at the Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Omsk State Medical University.</p><p>Lenina ul., 12, Omsk, 644099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gal-dorovskikh@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Омский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васильев Р.С., Путалова И.Н., Доровских Г.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильев Р.С., Путалова И.Н., Доровских Г.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasil'ev R.S., Putalova I.N., Dorovskikh G.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2134">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2134</self-uri><abstract><p>Через большое седалищное отверстие (БСО) проходят важные сосудисто-нервные пучки таза и нижней конечности, что делает его потенциальным местом компрессии этих структур. Исследование особенности морфологической изменчивости этой области способствует выявлению предпосылок возникновения неврологических нарушений, позволяет оптимизировать хирургические доступы и уменьшить число ятрогенных повреждений сосудов и нервов. Цель исследования – оценить вариабельность формы костных краев большого седалищного отверстия, характерной для мужчин и женщин зрелого возраста, для последующего применения в клинической практике. Материал и методы. Проанализированы результаты мультиспиральных компьютерных томограмм 70 пациентов в возрасте 20–59 лет, на трехмерных моделях таза определены линейные и угловые параметры отверстия. Геометрическую морфометрию использовали для анализа конфигурации БСО по 20 точкам-ориентирам, нанесенным на его костные края. Результаты. На основании линейных и угловых размеров были выделены 4 основные формы БСО: дельтоид, параллелограмм, трапеция и неправильный четырехугольник. Установлено, что форма дельтоида статистически значимо чаще встречается у женщин, а форма параллелограмма – у мужчин. Частота встречаемости форм в виде трапеции и неправильного четырехугольника у представителей разного пола достоверно не отличалась. Геометрический морфометрический анализ продемонстрировал существенные различия в форме БСО в зависимости от пола, которые концентрируются вдоль одной канонической главной оси, они обусловлены формой большой седалищной вырезки тазовой кости. Для мужчин характерна большая глубина и вогнутость в ее верхних отделах, а для женщин – большая глубина и вогнутость в ее нижних отделах. Заключение. В настоящее время не существует универсального эталонного метода для точного определения формы БСО. Наиболее достоверные результаты могут быть получены только при комплексном подходе, сочетающем традиционные линейные измерения с современными методами геометрической морфометрии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The greater sciatic foramen (GSF) is a passageway for important neurovascular bundles of the pelvis and lower limb, making it a potential site for compression of these structures. Investigating the features of morphological variability in this region helps to identify the predisposing factors for neurological disorders, optimizes surgical approaches, and reduces the number of iatrogenic injuries to blood vessels and nerves. The aim of the study is to evaluate the variability in the shape of the bony margins of the greater sciatic foramen, characteristic of mature adult males and females, for subsequent application in clinical practice. Material and methods. The results of multispiral computed tomography scans of 70 patients aged 20–59 years were analyzed; linear and angular parameters of the foramen were determined on three-dimensional pelvic models . Geometric morphometrics was used to analyze the configuration of the GSF based on 20 landmarks placed on its bony margins. Results. Based on the linear and angular dimensions, four main shapes of the GSF were identified: deltoid, parallelogram, trapezoid, and irregular quadrilateral. It was established that the deltoid shape is statistically significantly more common in women, while the parallelogram shape is more common in men. The incidence of the trapezoid and irregular quadrilateral shapes did not differ significantly between the sexes. The geometric morphometric analysis revealed significant sex-related differences in the shape of the GSF. These variations are concentrated along a single canonical axis and are determined by the shape of the greater sciatic notch of the hip bone. Males are characterized by greater depth and concavity in the superior part of the notch, whereas females exhibit greater depth and concavity in its inferior part. Conclusion. Currently, there is no universal reference method for the precise determination of the GSF shape. The most reliable results can only be achieved through an integrated approach that combines traditional linear measurements with modern geometric morphometric methods.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>большое седалищное отверстие</kwd><kwd>таз</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>линейные размеры</kwd><kwd>геометрическая морфометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>greater sciatic foramen</kwd><kwd>pelvis</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd><kwd>linear dimensions</kwd><kwd>geometric morphometrics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белаш В.О., Петрова Е.А. Синдром грушевидной мышцы. Российский остеопатический журнал. 2022;(3):131-156. doi: 10.32885/2220-0975-2022-3-131-156.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belash VO, Petrova EA. Sindrom grushevidnoj myshcy. 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