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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2024-13-1-19-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-1877</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменение клеточного состава тимуса крыс через 90 дней после введения уретана на фоне приема селена</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in the Cellular Composition of the Rat Thymus 90 Days After Urethane Injection Against the Background of Selenium Intake</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2505-0827</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бубнова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bubnova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бубнова Наталья Владимировна – старший преподаватель кафедры факультетской терапии</p><p>Московский проспект, 45, Чебоксары, 428034</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natal’ya V. Bubnova – senior teacher of the department of faculty therapy</p><p>Moskovskii prospekt, 45, Cheboksary, 428034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalia210485@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0549-5116</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стручко</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Struchko</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стручко Глеб Юрьевич – д-р. мед. наук, профессор кафедры факультетской терапии</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gleb Yu. Struchko – Doct. Sci. (Med.), professor of the department of faculty therapy</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glebstr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7460-6791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меркулова</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merkulova</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Меркулова Лариса Михайловна – д-р. мед. наук, профессор кафедры нормальной и топографической анатомии с оперативной хирургией</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa M. Merkulova – Doct. Sci. (Med.), professor of the department of normal and topographic anatomy with operative surgery</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">merkulova192@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7057-9834</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кострова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostrova</surname><given-names>О. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кострова Ольга Юрьевна – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры факультетской терапии</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ol’ga Yu. Kostrova – Cand. Sci. (Med.), associate professor of the department of faculty therapy</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evkbiz@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5366-5135</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котёлкина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotelkina</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котёлкина Анастасия Андреевна – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры нормальной и топографической анатомии с оперативной хирургией</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya A. Kotelkina – Cand. Sci. (Med.), associate professor of the department of normal and topographic anatomy with operative surgery</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ds6426@chebnet.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>М. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Чувашский государственный университет им. И.Н. Ульянова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бубнова Н.В., Стручко Г.Ю., Меркулова Л.М., Кострова О.Ю., Котёлкина А.А., Михайлова М.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бубнова Н.В., Стручко Г.Ю., Меркулова Л.М., Кострова О.Ю., Котёлкина А.А., Михайлова М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bubnova N.V., Struchko G.Y., Merkulova L.M., Kostrova О.Y., Kotelkina А.А., Mikhailova М.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1877">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1877</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – оценить клеточный состав тимуса крыс при изолированном введении селена, уретана и сочетанном действии двух факторов. Материал и методы. Исследование выполнено на 34 крысах-самцах линии Wistar, которые были разделены на 4 группы: 1-я – интактные особи, 2-я – крысы, получавшие только селен в течение 1 месяца, 3-я – животные, которым однократно вводили внутрибрюшинно уретан, 4-я – крысы с сочетанным действием селена и уретана. Гистологические препараты тимуса изготавливали по общепринятым методикам и в дальнейшем оценивали методами обзорной микроскопии, морфометрии, иммуногистохимии, электронной микроскопии и статистики. Результаты. Через 90 дней после окончания приема селена строение тимуса крыс незначительно отличалось от интактных животных. Введение уретана приводило к развитию акцидентальной инволюции тимуса, которая характеризовалась изменением формы долек органа, расширением междольковых промежутков и заполнением их жировой тканью, гиперплазией коркового вещества тимуса за счет увеличения количества зрелых лимфоцитов, эпителиальных клеток, положительных к панцитокератину. На ультрамикроскопическом уровне в лимфоцитах тимуса снижался ядерно-цитоплазматический индекс, увеличивалось количество митохондрий, которые имели светлый матрикс с небольшим количеством крист. Визуализировались апоптотические тельца и большое количество электронно-прозрачных вакуолей. При сочетанном воздействии двух факторов строение тимуса отличалось от интактной группы увеличением мозгового вещества, уменьшением количества эпителиальных клеток, положительных к панцитокератину, Ki-67+-клеток, а также клеток, экспрессирующих белок-регулятор апоптоза. По данным электронной микроскопии, при сочетанном воздействии селена и уретана определялось большое количество митохондрий с хорошо выраженными кристами. Присутствовало небольшое количество электронно-прозрачных вакуолей. Заключение. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о положительном влиянии курсового приема селена на Т-клеточное звено иммунитета на изучаемом сроке исследования. На фоне развития аденомы легкого, вызванной введением уретана, на этапе дисплазии альвеолярного эпителия определялись признаки акцидентальной инволюции тимуса. При сочетанном действии селена и уретана наблюдались менее выраженные изменения в исследуемом органе по сравнению с изолированным введением уретана.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study is to assess the cellular composition of rat thymus when isolated administration of selenium, urethane and combined exposure to two factors. Material and methods. The study was performed on 34 male Wistar rats, which were divided into 4 groups: 1 – intact, 2 – rats, which received selenium only for 1 month, 3 – animals, which were injected once intraperitoneal urethane, 4 – rats with combined selenium and urethane action. Histological preparations of the thymus were prepared according to generally accepted methods and further evaluated by the method of review microscopy, morphometry, immunohistochemical reactions, electron microscopy, statistical processing of data. Results. Ninety days after selenium, the rat thymus structure is slightly different from intact animals. The introduction of urethane leads to the development of excitation involution of the thymus, which is characterized by morphological changes, and manifests itself in a change in the shape of the organ lobes, in the expansion of the intercole gaps and in the fat tissue thereof, hyperplasia of the cortical substance of the thymus by increasing the number of mature lymphocytes, epithelial cells positive to pancytokeratin. At the ultramicroscopic level, the thymus lymphocyte decreases its nuclear-cytoplasmic index, and increases the number of mitochondria that have a light matrix with a small amount of crystal. Apoptotic bodies and a large number of electron-transparent vacuoles are visualized. When combined, the thymus structure differs from the intact group by an enlarged brain substance, but the number of epithelial cells that are positive to pancytokeratin and Ki67+-cells, as well as cells that express apoptosisregulating protein, decreases. Electron microscopy also indicates a large amount of mitochondria, but with welldefined crystals, when combined with selenium and urethane. There are a small number of electron-transparent vacuoles. Conclusion. The obtained data make it possible to draw a conclusion about the positive influence of the exchange rate of selenium on the T-cell link of immunity, at least for this period of study. In the course of the experiment, it was found that, against the background of the development of the adenoma of the lung caused by the introduction of urethane, at the stage of alveolar epithelium dysplasia signs of excitant thymus involution were detected. When selenium and urethane are combined, less pronounced changes are observed in the examined organ than in the isolated administration of urethane.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тимус</kwd><kwd>селен</kwd><kwd>уретан</kwd><kwd>лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>электронная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>митохондрии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thymus</kwd><kwd>selenium</kwd><kwd>urethane</kwd><kwd>lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>mitochondria</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрамцова А.В., Саградян Г.В., Пигунова Л.А., Репс В.Ф., и др. Механизмы действия модифицированной наночастицами селена минеральной воды «Красноармейский новый». 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