<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-4-31-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-1835</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Иммуногистохимическая характеристика морфогенеза левого желудочка сердца плодов крыс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Immunohistochemical Characterization of Heart Left Ventricle Morphogenesis in Rats Fetuses</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-1112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванова Вера Владимировна – канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры морфологии и общей патологии</p><p>Московский тракт, 2, Томск, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera V. Ivanova – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor of   the Department of Morphology and General Pathology</p><p>Moskovskii trakt, 2, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivvera92@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерохина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erokhina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ерохина Александра Владимировна – студент</p><p>Московский тракт, 2, Томск, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra V. Erokhina – student</p><p>Moskovskii trakt, 2, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shura.erokhina.23@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никонова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikonova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никонова Анастасия Денисовна – студент</p><p>Московский тракт, 2, Томск, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya D. Nikonova – student</p><p>Moskovskii trakt, 2, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastya71103@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панфилова</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panfilova</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панфилова Полина Алексеевна – студент</p><p>Московский тракт, 2, Томск, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina A. Panfilova – student</p><p>Moskovskii trakt, 2, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">teofen@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сединова</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sedinova</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сединова Валентина Николаевна – студент</p><p>Московский тракт, 2, Томск, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina N. Sedinova – student</p><p>Moskovskii trakt, 2, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.caramelllfox@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-0724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серебрякова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serebryakova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Серебрякова Ольга Николаевна – аспирант, ассистент кафедры морфологии и общей патологии</p><p>Московский тракт, 2, Томск, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ol’ga N. Serebryakova – Postgraduate student of the Department of Morphology and General Pathology</p><p>Moskovskii trakt, 2, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oserebryakovan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сибирский государственный медицинский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Siberian State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванова В.В., Ерохина А.В., Никонова А.Д., Панфилова П.А., Сединова В.Н., Серебрякова О.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванова В.В., Ерохина А.В., Никонова А.Д., Панфилова П.А., Сединова В.Н., Серебрякова О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanova V.V., Erokhina A.V., Nikonova A.D., Panfilova P.A., Sedinova V.N., Serebryakova O.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1835">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1835</self-uri><abstract><p>Крысы являются наиболее распространенными объектами доклинических исследований, что обусловливает актуальность изучения плодного кардиоморфогенеза крыс с применением современных методов морфологических исследований. Цель – изучить динамику маркеров пролиферации (Ki67), апоптоза (каспаза 3), васкуляризации (CD31) и ремоделирования стромы (MMP2 и MMP9) миокарда левого желудочка плодов крыс Вистар. Материал и методы. Проведено гистологическое, иммуногистохимическое и морфометрическое исследование стенки левого желудочка сердца крыс на 18-, 19-, 20-, 21- и 22-е сутки пренатального периода онтогенеза. Результаты. С 18-х по 22-е сут пренатального периода онтогенеза у крыс наблюдается двукратное увеличение толщины латеральной стенки левого желудочка, обусловленное как пролиферацией, так и дифференцировкой и увеличением размеров кардиомиоцитов. Ki67-позитивные кардиомиоциты локализованы в стенке левого желудочка диффузно, их количество возрастает на 19-е сут пренатального периода развития и остается на высоком уровне до конца пренатального периода развития крыс. С 18-х по 22-е сут пренатального периода онтогенеза крыс в левом желудочке определяются единичные каспаза 3-позитивные кардиомиоциты. Рост миокарда левого желудочка в плодном периоде у крыс сопровождается адекватными темпами васкуляризации. Рост сосудов, а также пролиферация кардиомиоцитов сопровождаются ремоделированием стромы миокарда, при этом наибольшая интенсивность MMP2- и MMP9-иммунного окрашивания наблюдается в начале плодного периода онтогенеза крыс. Заключение. Короткая продолжительность пренатального онтогенеза крыс обусловливает высокую динамичность кардиоморфогенетических процессов. В плодном периоде онтогенеза крыс в левом желудочке сердца пролиферация кардиомиоцитов преобладает над интенсивностью апоптоза. Интенсивность пролиферации кардиомиоцитов левого желудочка крыс высока вплоть до 22-х сут пренатального периода онтогенеза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rats are the most common objects of preclinical studies, which determines the relevance of studying fetal cardiomorphogenesis in rats using modern methods of morphological studies. The aim is to study the dynamics of markers of proliferation (Ki67), apoptosis (caspase 3), vascularization (CD31), and stromal remodeling (MMP2 and MMP9) of the left ventricular myocardium of Wistar rat fetuses. Material and methods. A histological, immunohistochemical and morphometric study of the rat heart left ventricle wall was carried out on the 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st and 22nd days of the prenatal period of ontogenesis. Results. From the 18th to the 22nd day of the prenatal period of ontogenesis in rats, a twofold increase in the thickness of the left ventricle lateral wall is observed, due to both proliferation and differentiation and an increase in the size of cardiomyocytes. Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes are diffusely localized in the wall of the left ventricle, their number increases on day 19 of the prenatal period of development and remains at a high level until the end of the prenatal period in rats. From the 18th to the 22nd day of the prenatal period of ontogeny in rats, single caspase 3-positive cardiomyocytes are detected in the left ventricle. The growth of the left ventricular myocardium in the fetal period in rats is accompanied by an adequate rate of vascularization. The vascularization and proliferation of cardiomyocytes are accompanied by remodeling of the myocardial stroma, with the highest intensity of MMP2- and MMP9-immune staining observed at the beginning of the fetal period of ontogeny in rats. Conclusion. The short duration of prenatal ontogenesis in rats determines the high dynamics of cardiomorphogenetic processes. In the fetal period of rat ontogenesis in the left ventricle of the heart, the proliferation of cardiomyocytes prevails over the intensity of apoptosis. The intensity of proliferation of cardiomyocytes of the left ventricle of rats is high up to the 22nd day of the prenatal period of ontogenesis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кардиоморфогенез</kwd><kwd>плодный период</kwd><kwd>крысы</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiomorphogenesis</kwd><kwd>fetal period</kwd><kwd>rats</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>histology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Загоруйко Ю.В., Загоруйко Г.Е., Марциновский В.П., Филатова В.Л. Закономерности кардиомиогенеза у крыс Wistar: рост суммарной численности кардиомиоцитов и образование популяции двуядерных миоцитов в паренхиме миокарда комплекса (ЛЖ + МЖП). Вісник проблем біології і медицини. 2019;1(2):70–5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zagoruyko YuV, Zagoruyko GE, Martsinovskiy VP, Filatova VL. Regularities of cardiomyogenesis in Wistar rats: cardiomyocytes number of growth and formation of publication of dual myocytes in the complex myocardium (LV + IVF). Vіsnik problem bіologії і meditsini. 2019;1(2):70–5 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тимошенко О.С., Кугаевская Е.В., Гуреева Т.А. ММП-9, ММП-2, VEGF и VEGFR2 как факторы инвазии и ангиогенеза при плоскоклеточной карциноме шейки матки. Biomedical Chemistry: Research and Methods. 2022; 5(4):e00187. doi: 10.18097/BMCRM00187 doi: 10.18097/BMCRM00187</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Timoshenko OS, Kugaevskaya EV, Gureeva TA. MMP-9, MMP-2, VEGF and VEGFR-2 as Factors of Invasion and Angiogenesis in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix. Biomedical chemistry: research and methods. 2022 Jan 1;5(4):e00187–7. (In Russ.) doi: 10.18097/BMCRM00187</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чумасов Е.И., Петрова Е.С., Коржевский Д.Э. Изучение строения развивающегося эпикарда и особенностей васкуляризации в сердце новорожденных крыс. Актуальные вопросы ветеринарной биологии. 2017;2(34):12–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chumasov EI, Petrova ES, Korzhevsky DE. Study of the structure of developing epicardium and vascularization in the heart of newborn rats. Aktual'nye voprosy veterinarnoy biologii. 2017;2(34):12–8. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ямщикова Е.Н., Вологдина Н.Н., Суворова Г.Н. Иммуногистохимический анализ гибели кардиомиоцитов в нормальном и экспериментально измененном эмбриогенезе. Материалы научной конференции «Фундаментальные и прикладные проблемы гистологии. Гистогенез и регенерация тканей». 7-8 апреля 2004. Санкт-Петербург; 2004:77–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamshchikova EN, Vologdina NN, Suvorova GN. Immunogistokhimicheskii analiz gibeli kardiomiotsitov v normal'nom i eksperimental'no izmenennom embriogeneze. Materialy nauchnoi konferentsii «Fundamental'nye i prikladnye problemy gistologii. Gistogenez i regeneratsiya tkanei». 7-8 aprelya 2004. Saint Petersburg; 2004:77–8. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Boer BA, van den Berg G, de Boer PAJ, Moorman AFM, Ruijter JM. Growth of the developing mouse heart: An interactive qualitative and quantitative 3D atlas. Developmental Biology. 2012 Aug;368(2):203–13. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.05.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Boer BA, van den Berg G, de Boer PAJ, Moorman AFM, Ruijter JM. Growth of the developing mouse heart: An interactive qualitative and quantitative 3D atlas. Developmental Biology. 2012 Aug;368(2):203–13. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.05.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bürgisser GM, Heuberger DM, Schaffner N, Giovanoli P, Calcagni M, Buschmann J. Delineation of the healthy rabbit heart by immunohistochemistry – A technical note. Acta histochemica. 2023 Jan 1;125(1):151993–3. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151993</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bürgisser GM, Heuberger DM, Schaffner N, Giovanoli P, Calcagni M, Buschmann J. Delineation of the healthy rabbit heart by immunohistochemistry – A technical note. Acta histochemica. 2023 Jan 1;125(1):151993–3. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151993</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charest PL, Vrolyk V, Herst PM, Lessard MH, Sloboda DM, Mathieu Dalvai, et al. Histomorphologic Analysis of the Late-term Rat Fetus and Placenta. Toxicologic Pathology. 2018 Feb 1;46(2):158–68. doi: 10.1177/0192623318755135</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charest PL, Vrolyk V, Herst PM, Lessard MH, Sloboda DM, Mathieu Dalvai, et al. Histomorphologic Analysis of the Late-term Rat Fetus and Placenta. Toxicologic Pathology. 2018 Feb 1;46(2):158–68. doi: 10.1177/0192623318755135</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Corvino SB, Volpato GT, Macedo NCD, Sinzato YK, Rudge MVC, Damasceno DC. Physiological and biochemical measurements before, during and after pregnancy of healthy rats. Acta Cirurgica Brasileira. 2015 Oct 1;30(10):668–74. doi: 10.1590/S0102-865020150100000003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Corvino SB, Volpato GT, Macedo NCD, Sinzato YK, Rudge MVC, Damasceno DC. Physiological and biochemical measurements before, during and after pregnancy of healthy rats. Acta Cirurgica Brasileira. 2015 Oct 1;30(10):668–74. doi: 10.1590/S0102-865020150100000003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fisher SA, Langille BL, Srivastava D. Apoptosis During Cardiovascular Development. Circulation Research. 2000 Nov 10;87(10):856–64. doi: 10.1161/01.res.87.10.856</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fisher SA, Langille BL, Srivastava D. Apoptosis During Cardiovascular Development. Circulation Research. 2000 Nov 10;87(10):856–64. doi: 10.1161/01.res.87.10.856</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Franco D. Patterns of expression in the developing myocardium: towards a morphologically integrated transcriptional model. Cardiovascular Research. 1998 Apr;38(1):25–53. doi: 10.1016/s0008-6363(97)00321-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Franco D. Patterns of expression in the developing myocardium: towards a morphologically integrated transcriptional model. Cardiovascular Research. 1998 Apr;38(1):25–53. doi: 10.1016/s0008-6363(97)00321-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grases-Pintó B, Torres-Castro P, Abril-Gil M, Castell M, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Pérez-Cano FJ, et al. A Preterm Rat Model for Immunonutritional Studies. Nutrients. 2019 May 1;11(5):999. doi: 10.3390/nu11050999</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grases-Pintó B, Torres-Castro P, Abril-Gil M, Castell M, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Pérez-Cano FJ, et al. A Preterm Rat Model for Immunonutritional Studies. Nutrients. 2019 May 1;11(5):999. doi: 10.3390/nu11050999</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guo Z, Guo K, Luo H, Mu L, Li Q, Chang Y. The Expression Analysis of Nanog in the Developing Rat Myocardial Tissues. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry. 2015;35(3):866–74. doi: 10.1159/000369744</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guo Z, Guo K, Luo H, Mu L, Li Q, Chang Y. The Expression Analysis of Nanog in the Developing Rat Myocardial Tissues. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry. 2015;35(3):866–74. doi: 10.1159/000369744</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lehtoranta L, Olli Vuolteenaho, Laine V, Koskinen A, Soukka H, Ville Kytö, et al. Maternal hyperglycemia leads to fetal cardiac hyperplasia and dysfunction in a rat model. American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism. 2013 Sep 1;305(5):E611–9. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00043.2013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lehtoranta L, Olli Vuolteenaho, Laine V, Koskinen A, Soukka H, Ville Kytö, et al. Maternal hyperglycemia leads to fetal cardiac hyperplasia and dysfunction in a rat model. American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism. 2013 Sep 1;305(5):E611–9. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00043.2013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">LeMoine CMR, McClelland GB, Lyons CN, Mathieu-Costello O, Moyes CD. Control of mitochondrial gene expression in the aging rat myocardium. Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 2006 Apr 1;84(2):191–8. doi: 10.1139/o05-169</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">LeMoine CMR, McClelland GB, Lyons CN, Mathieu-Costello O, Moyes CD. Control of mitochondrial gene expression in the aging rat myocardium. Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 2006 Apr 1;84(2):191–8. doi: 10.1139/o05-169</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marcela SG, Cristina RMM, Angel PGM, Manuel AM, Sofía DC, Patricia DLRS, et al. Chronological and Morphological Study of Heart Development in the Rat. The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology. 2012 Jun 19;295(8):1267–90. doi: 10.1002/ar.22508</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marcela SG, Cristina RMM, Angel PGM, Manuel AM, Sofía DC, Patricia DLRS, et al. Chronological and Morphological Study of Heart Development in the Rat. The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology. 2012 Jun 19;295(8):1267–90. doi: 10.1002/ar.22508</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Momma K, Ito T, Ando M. In Situ Morphology of the Foramen Ovale in the Fetal and Neonatal Rat. Pediatric Research. 1992 Dec;32(6):669–72. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199212000-00008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Momma K, Ito T, Ando M. In Situ Morphology of the Foramen Ovale in the Fetal and Neonatal Rat. Pediatric Research. 1992 Dec;32(6):669–72. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199212000-00008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mu L, Wang WF, Zheng H, Guo Z, Zhang GM. Expression of N-cadherin in myocardial tissues during the development of a rat heart. Genetics and Molecular Research. 2015 Jan 1;14(3):9882– 9. doi: 10.4238/2015.August.19.22</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mu L, Wang WF, Zheng H, Guo Z, Zhang GM. Expression of N-cadherin in myocardial tissues during the development of a rat heart. Genetics and Molecular Research. 2015 Jan 1;14(3):9882– 9. doi: 10.4238/2015.August.19.22</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakamura Y, Takeba Y, Kobayashi T, Ootaki M, Ohta Y, Kida K, et al. Yap Contributes to Cardiomyocyte Proliferation in the Fetal Rat Heart Epicardium with Antenatal Glucocorticoid Administration. Journal of St Marianna University. 2020;11(2):109–22. doi: 10.17264/stmarieng.11.109</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakamura Y, Takeba Y, Kobayashi T, Ootaki M, Ohta Y, Kida K, et al. Yap Contributes to Cardiomyocyte Proliferation in the Fetal Rat Heart Epicardium with Antenatal Glucocorticoid Administration. Journal of St Marianna University. 2020;11(2):109–22. doi: 10.17264/stmarieng.11.109</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ratajska A, Jack P.M. Cleutjens. Embryogenesis of the rat heart: the expression of collagenases. Basic Research in Cardiology. 2002 May 1;97(3):189– 97. doi: 10.1007/s003950200011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ratajska A, Jack P.M. Cleutjens. Embryogenesis of the rat heart: the expression of collagenases. Basic Research in Cardiology. 2002 May 1;97(3):189– 97. doi: 10.1007/s003950200011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sato S. Ultrastructural study of capillary angiogenesis in rat fetal hearts: Role of fibroblasts and myocardial clefts. Medical electron microscopy. 1998 Dec 1;31(4):185–92. doi: 10.1007/bf01545700</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sato S. Ultrastructural study of capillary angiogenesis in rat fetal hearts: Role of fibroblasts and myocardial clefts. Medical electron microscopy. 1998 Dec 1;31(4):185–92. doi: 10.1007/bf01545700</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith KLM, Swiderska A, Lock MC, Graham L, Iswari W, Choudhary T, et al. Chronic developmental hypoxia alters mitochondrial oxidative capacity and reactive oxygen species production in the fetal rat heart in a sexdependent manner. Journal of Pineal Research. 2022 Aug 17;73(3):e12821. doi: 10.1111/jpi.12821</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith KLM, Swiderska A, Lock MC, Graham L, Iswari W, Choudhary T, et al. Chronic developmental hypoxia alters mitochondrial oxidative capacity and reactive oxygen species production in the fetal rat heart in a sexdependent manner. Journal of Pineal Research. 2022 Aug 17;73(3):e12821. doi: 10.1111/jpi.12821</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tong W, Xue Q, Li Y, Zhang L. Maternal hypoxia alters matrix metalloproteinase expression patterns and causes cardiac remodeling in fetal and neonatal rats. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 2011 Nov;301(5):H2113–21. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00356.2011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tong W, Xue Q, Li Y, Zhang L. Maternal hypoxia alters matrix metalloproteinase expression patterns and causes cardiac remodeling in fetal and neonatal rats. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 2011 Nov;301(5):H2113–21. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00356.2011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wolff CA, Gutiérrez-Monreal MA, Meng L, Zhang X, Douma LG, Costello HM, et al. Defining the age-dependent and tissue-specific circadian transcriptome in male mice. Cell Reports. 2023 Jan 1;42(1):111982–2. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111982</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wolff CA, Gutiérrez-Monreal MA, Meng L, Zhang X, Douma LG, Costello HM, et al. Defining the age-dependent and tissue-specific circadian transcriptome in male mice. Cell Reports. 2023 Jan 1;42(1):111982–2. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111982</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xavier-Vidal R, Cunha RC, Madi K. Quantitative study using semithin section of the rat fetal myocardium. Revista chilena de anatomía. 1997 Jan 1;15(2):209–16. doi: 10.4067/s0716-98681997000200015</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xavier-Vidal R, Cunha RC, Madi K. Quantitative study using semithin section of the rat fetal myocardium. Revista chilena de anatomía. 1997 Jan 1;15(2):209–16. doi: 10.4067/s0716-98681997000200015</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
