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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-3-33-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-1801</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование влияния экзогенного мелатонина на глиальные клетки толстой кишки в условиях искусственного десинхроноза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Colon Glial Cells in Experimental Desynchronosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1217-0985</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лузикова</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luzikova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лузикова Елена Михайловна – канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры общей и клинической морфологии и судебной медицины</p><p>Московский пр-т, 15, Чебоксары, 428003</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena M. Luzikova – Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor of the Department of General and Clinical Morphology and Forensic Medicine</p><p>Moskovskii pr-t, 15, Cheboksary, 428003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nema76@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6103-9932</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сумбаев</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sumbaev</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сумбаев Дмитрий Олегович – студент</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii O. Sumbaev – student</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2605-2525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахман</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakhman</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бахман Екатерина Константиновна – студент</p><p>Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina K. Bakhman – student</p><p>Cheboksary</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Чувашский государственный университет им. И.Н. Ульянова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лузикова Е.М., Сумбаев Д.О., Бахман Е.К., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лузикова Е.М., Сумбаев Д.О., Бахман Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Luzikova E.M., Sumbaev D.O., Bakhman E.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1801">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1801</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведено исследование влияния экзогенного и эндогенного мелатонина на GFAP- и S100-позитивные клетки слизистой толстой кишки крыс, содержавшихся в разных условиях освещения.</p><p>Цель  исследования – изучить влияние мелатонина на структурно-функциональные особенности глиальных клеток толстой кишки в норме и при экспериментальном десинхронозе.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Исследование  проведено  на  лабораторных  крысах-самцах  линии  Wistar  (n=72)  двухмесячного  возраста массой 180–200 г, разделенных на 6 групп по 12 крыс в каждой. I группу составляли животные, содержавшиеся в естественных световых условиях; II группу – крысы, находившиеся в естественных световых условиях, получавшие синтетический мелатонин («Мелаксен» Unipharm, Inc., США) ad libitum в концентрации 4 мг/л с питьевой водой; III группу – особи, находившиеся в условиях постоянного затемнения; IV группу  –  животные,  находившиеся  в  условиях  постоянного  затемнения,  получавшие  мелатонин; V группа насчитывала животных, содержавшихся в условиях постоянного освещения; VI группа включала особей, находившихся в условиях постоянного освещения и получавших мелатонин. Идентификацию астроцитов  проводили  с  помощью  непрямого  иммуногистохимического  метода  с  использоваием  поликлональных антител к глиальному фибриллярному кислому белку (Dako, Germany 750 µg/ml) и белку S-100 (Spring Bio Science USA 1:300). Подсчет клеток был произведен с использованием микроскопа «Carl Zeiss Axio Scope A1» при увеличении 400 и программы «SigmaScan Pro 5». Статистическая обработка производилась с использованием программ «MS Excel» и «Statisticа 17».</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Количество GFAP позитивных клеток уменьшалось в группах III и V. Условия II и VI приводили к уменьшению количества глиоцитов. В группе IV введение мелатонина способствовало увеличению количества исследуемых клеток. Достоверное увеличение оптической плотности GFAP в глиоцитах толстой кишки наблюдалось только при содержании крыс в условиях постоянного освещения. Количество S-100 позитивных клеток уменьшалось в группах III и II. Условия V и IV приводили к увеличению численности S-100 позитивных клеток. Оптическая плотность S-100 не зависит от фотопериода.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. S-100В и GFAP позитивные глиальные клетки толстой кишки реагируют как на изменение фотопериода, так и на введение экзогенного мелатонина.  В  частности,  в  условиях  постоянного  затемнения  количество  GFAP  и  S-100B  позитивных  клеток уменьшается. полученные данные могут быть использованы при разработке новых терапевтических подходов к лечению заболеваний кишечника.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The effect of exogenous and endogenous melatonin on GFAP and S-100 positive cells of the colon mucosa of rats kept under different lighting conditions was studied.</p><p>The aim was to estimate the effect of melatonin on the structural and functional characteristics of colon glial cells in normal conditions and in experimental  desynchronosis.</p><sec><title>Material  and  methods</title><p>Material  and  methods.  The  study  was  conducted  on  laboratory  male  Wistar  rats (n=72), 2-months old, weighing 180–200 g, divided into 6 groups 12 rats in each. Group I consisted of animals treated in natural light conditions; Group II – rats treated in natural light conditions, receiving synthetic melatonin  (Melaxen,  Unipharm,  Inc.,  USA)  ad  libitum  at  a  concentration  of  4 mg/l  with  drinking water; Group III – animals treated in constant darkness; Group IV – animals treated in constant darkness and received melatonin; Group V consisted of animals treated under constant lighting conditions; Group VI included rats treated in constant lighting conditions and received melatonin. Astrocytes were identified using an indirect immunohistochemical method using polyclonal antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (Dako, Germany 750 µg/ml) and protein S-100 (Spring Bio Science USA 1:300). Cells were counted using a Carl Zeiss Axio Scope A1 microscope at 400 magnification and SigmaScan Pro 5 software. Statistical processing was carried out using the MS Excel and Statistica 17 programs.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The number of GFAP positive cells decreased in groups III and V. Conditions II and VI resulted in a decrease in the number of gliocytes. In group IV, the administration of melatonin led to an increase in the number of studied cells. A significant increase in the optical density of GFAP in colon gliocytes was observed only when rats were treated under constant lighting conditions. The number of S-100 positive cells decreased in groups III and II. Conditions V and IV led to an increase in the number of S-100 positive cells. The optical density of S-100 does not depend on photoperiod.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. S-100B and GFAP positive glial cells of the colon respond both to changes in photoperiod and to the administration of exogenous melatonin. In particular, under constant dark conditions, the number of GFAP and S-100B positive cells decreases. The obtained data can be used in the elaboration of new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of intestinal diseases.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глиальные клетки</kwd><kwd>мелатонин</kwd><kwd>GFAP</kwd><kwd>S-100В</kwd><kwd>толстая кишка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glial cells</kwd><kwd>melatonin</kwd><kwd>GFAP</kwd><kwd>S-100B</kwd><kwd>colon</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анисимов В.Н. Световой десинхроноз и здоровье. Светотехника. 2019;1:30–8. EDN: YXUWLZ</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anisimov  VN.  Svetovoi  desinkhronoz  i  zdorov'e. Svetotekhnika. 2019;1:30–8 (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клименко Л.Л., Деев А.И., Баскаков И.С., Буданова М.Н., Забирова А.Х., и др. 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