anatomyЖурнал анатомии и гистопатологииJournal of Anatomy and Histopathology2225-7357N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-2-90-98anatomy-1762Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИREVIEW ARTICLESЭпителиально-мезенхимальный переход: история создания концепции, дискуссионные аспектыEpithelial-mesenchymal transition: the history of the concept, debatable issueshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9299-0571ШевлюкН. Н.ShevlyukN. N.

Николай Николаевич Шевлюк, й Николаевич – д-р. биол. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры

кафедра гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии

460000

ул. Советская, 6

Оренбург

Nikolai N. Shevlyuk, Doct. Sci. (Biol.), Prof., Professor of department

histology, cytology and embryology department

460000

ul. Sovetskaya, 6

Orenburg

k_histology@orgma.ruОренбургский государственный медицинский университетOrenburg State Medical University2023090720231229098Copyright © Шевлюк Н.Н., 20232023Шевлюк Н.Н.Shevlyuk N.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1762

   В статье в дискуссионном плане освещены различные аспекты концепции эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода и сопоставлены основные положения этой концепции с классическими представлениями биологии тканей. Впервые представление об эпителиально-мезенхимальном переходе было выдвинуто Элизабет Хей (1927–2007) в 1968 году на основе анализа формирования третьего зародышевого листка в эмбриогенезе птиц. В конце 80-х – начале 90-х годов ХХ века концепция эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода приобрела в нашей стране сторонников среди патоморфологов, которые использовали эту концепцию для объяснения механизмов многих патологических процессов. Насколько обоснована концепция эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода? Следует обратить внимание на то, что ряд ее базисных оснований был небесспорным. Так, вряд ли корректно считать клетки наружного зародышевого листка эпителиальными клетками, поскольку иммуногистохимические маркеры клеток эпителиальных тканей ими не экспрессируются. То есть клетки с истинно эпителиальным фенотипом на этой стадии эмбриогенеза еще не представлены. Следует также учитывать, что все обоснования эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода базируются на косвенных иммуноцитохимических данных (снижение экспрессии эпителиальных маркеров, повышение экспрессии маркеров тканей мезенхимного генеза). При использовании термина «эпителиально-мезенхимальный переход» оперируют не конкретными клетками, а клеточными популяциями, что далеко не одно и то же. Исходя из всего вышеотмеченного, вопрос о том, действительно ли существует эпителиально-мезенхимальный переход, нуждается в дополнительном исследовании и более объективной аргументации.

   The paper discusses diverse aspects of the concept of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and compares the basics of this concept with the classical concepts of tissue biology. The idea of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition was first suggested by Elizabeth Hay (1927–2007) in 1968 based on the analysis of tridermogenesis in the development and growth of the avian embryo. In the late 80s – early 90s of the twentieth century, the concept of epithelial–mesenchymal transition won supporters-pathomorphologists in our country who applied the concept to explain mechanisms of multiple pathological processes. The controversial issue arises: to which extent the concept of epithelial-mesenchymal transition is validated. It should be noted that a number of its basic principles are open to question. Thus, it is hardly correct to consider the cells of the ectoderma as epithelial cells, since they do not express immunohistochemical markers of epithelial tissue cells. That is, cells with a true epithelial phenotype are not yet represented at this stage of embryogenesis. It should also be taken into account that all evidence for the epithelial-mesenchymal transition is based on indirect immunocytochemical findings (decreased expression of epithelial markers, increased expression of markers of mesenchymal tissue genesis). Moreover, saying about the “epithelial-mesenchymal transition” specialists mean cell populations and not specific cells, which is hardly the same. All the above allows arguing the existence of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition; this issue needs additional research and more fact-based support.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.