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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2023-12-1-97-102</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-1709</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ МОРФОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY OF MORPHOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Учителя и наставники Николая Ивановича Пирогова – гениального анатома и хирурга мировой медицины</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The teachers and mentors of Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov – the genius anatomist and surgeon of the world medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7232-6419</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайворонский</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaivoronskii</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайворонский Иван Васильевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой нормальной анатомии</p><p>ул. Лебедева, 6, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Gaivoronsky – Doct. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Normal Anatomy</p><p>Ul. Akademika Lebedeva, 6, St. Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.v.gaivoronsky@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3064-7596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спирина</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spirina</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Спирина Татьяна Сергеевна – канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры морфологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana S. Spirina - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor ofthe Department of Morphology</p><p>Ul. Akademika Lebedeva, 6, St. Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smoriarti@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3064-7596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горячева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goriacheva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горячева Инга Александровна – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры нормальной анатомии</p><p>ул. Лебедева, 6, Санкт-Петербург, 194044</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inga A. Goryacheva - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Normal Anatomy</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smoriarti@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5522-785X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хендрикс</surname><given-names>И. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hendriks</surname><given-names>I. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ингрид Фоккиена Хендрикс – магистр искусств, доктор наук, исследователь в области истории медицины, член исполнительного комитета</p><p>Лейден</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ingrid Fokkiena Hendriks – Master of Art, Doctor of Science, Researcher medical history, Department of the Executive Board</p><p>Leiden</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ingefhendriks@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет; Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University; S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский центр Лейденского университета</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Leiden University Medical Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гайворонский И.В., Спирина Т.С., Горячева И.А., Хендрикс И.Ф., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гайворонский И.В., Спирина Т.С., Горячева И.А., Хендрикс И.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gaivoronskii I.V., Spirina T.S., Goriacheva I.A., Hendriks I.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1709">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1709</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается влияние жизненных обстоятельств и людей разных про- фессий на формирование личности Николая Ивановича Пирогова как выдающегося ученого, анатома и хирурга. В детстве Николай Иванович жил во вполне благополучной семье, способной оплачивать достой- ное образование своих детей. В дом Пироговых были приглашены уважаемые преподаватели медицины, такие как Г.М. Березкин и А.М. Клаус. Но самой значимой фигурой для Пирогова в детстве был семейный врач Ефрем Осипович Мухин, профессор анатомии и физиологии Императорского Московского универ- ситета. Так в 14 лет Николай Иванович стал студентом этого университета, находясь под влиянием таких ученых, как Ю.Х. Лодера, М.Я. Мудрова и Ф.А. Гильдебрандта. В 1828 году Пирогов окончил медицинский факультет и поступил в Императорский Дерптский университет, где учился у известного хирурга, профес- сора И.Ф. Мойера, который стал его наставником и любимым учителем. Дальнейшее совершенствование навыков и приобретение мастерства происходило в Берлинском университете в 1833 г. под влиянием ана- тома Ф. Шлемма, физиолога И.М. Мюллера, препаратора г-жи Фогельзанг, хирургов К. Грефе, И. Диф- фенбаха, И.Н. Руста и К.И.М. Лангенбека. Также Николаю Ивановичу посчастливилось сотрудничать и учиться у таких известных французских ученых, как Вельпо, Лисфранк, Ларрей, Жобер, Амюссе. Жизнен- ные обстоятельства, такие как сложные отношения с коллегами из-за проблем с организацией медицин- ской помощи во время войн и эпидемий, сильно повлияли на становление Пирогова как ученого-медика. Таким образом, заслуженная бессмертная слава гения медицинской науки Николая Ивановича Пирогова снискалась благодаря его учителям, наставникам и среде. Как показала жизнь Н.И. Пирогова, человек и его учителя ищут друг друга, особенно когда в ученике раскрывается его талант, стремление к знаниям, умения, способность трудиться. Авторы посвятили данную статью людям, оказавшим влияние на форми- рование научных взглядов Н.И. Пирогова, выдающегося ученого, хирурга и анатома.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper considers the influence of life circumstances and people of different professions on the development of Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov’s personality as an outstanding scientist, anatomist and surgeon. As a child, Nikolai Ivanovich lived in quite a prosperous family to pay for the worthy education for their children. Respectale teachers of medicine were invited to the Pirogovs' house such as G.M. Berezkin and A.M. Klaus. But the most significant figure for Pirogov as a child was the family doctor Efrem Osipovich Mukhin who was a Professor of anatomy and physiology at the Imperial Moscow University. So at the age of 14 Nikolai Ivanovich became a student of that University being under the influence of such scientists as Yu.Kh. Loder, M.Ya. Mudrov, and F.A. Hilderbrandt. In 1828 Pirogov finished the Faculty of Medicine and entered the Imperial Moscow University of Dorpat where he studied under the famous surgeon, Professor I.F. Moyer who became his mentor and favourite teacher. Further improvement of skills and mastery acquisition took place at the University of Berlin in 1833 under the influence of the anatomist F. Schlemm, the physiologist I.M. Muller, the preparator Mrs. Vogelsang, the surgeons K. Grefe, I. Dieffenbach, J.N. Rusta, and K.I.M. Langenbeck. Also, Nikolai Ivanovich was lucky to cooperate and learn from the famous French scientists like Velpo, Lisfranc, Larrey, Jaubert, Amyusse. Life circumstances such as complicated relationships with colleagues due to the challenges in organizing medical care during wars and epidemics dramatically influenced Pirogov’s development as a medical scientist. Thus, the well-deserved immortal fame of the medical science genius Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov obtained was owing to his teachers, mentors and the environment. As demonstrated by N.I. Pirogov’s life, both a person and their teachers look for one another especially when the student reveals their talent, desire for knowledge, skills, and the ability to work hard. The authors devoted this paper to the people who influenced the scientific views development of N.I. Pirogov, an outstanding scientist, surgeon and anatomist.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Пирогов Николай Иванович</kwd><kwd>учителя</kwd><kwd>наставники</kwd><kwd>гений мировой медицины</kwd><kwd>анатом</kwd><kwd>хирург</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Pirogov Nikolay Ivanovich</kwd><kwd>teachers</kwd><kwd>mentors</kwd><kwd>the genius of world medicine</kwd><kwd>anatomist</kwd><kwd>surgeon</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дубаев А.А. Николай Иванович Пирогов в Шарите. Вестник Национального медикохирургического центра им. Н.И. Пирогова. 2010; 5(4):8–11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dubaev AA. Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov in Charite. Bulletin of Pirogov National Medical &amp; Surgical Center. 2010; 5(4):8-11. 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