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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2022-11-2-87-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-1573</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Придаток семенника (яичка): морфогенез, структурно-функциональная характеристика в физиологических и патологических условиях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The appendage of the testis: morphogenesis, structural and functional characteristics in physiological and pathological conditions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9299-0571</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевлюк</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevlyuk</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевлюк Николай Николаевич - доктор биологических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии.</p><p>ул. Советская, 6, Оренбург, 460000.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai N. Shevlyuk - Doct. Biol. Sci., Prof, professor of histology, cytology and embryology department of the Orenburg State Medical University.</p><p>Sovetskaya ul., 6, Orenburg, 460000.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k_histology@orgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыскулов</surname><given-names>М. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryskulov</surname><given-names>M. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыскулов Марат Фирдатович - кандидат биологических наук.</p><p>ул. Советская, 6, Оренбург, 460000.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marat F. Ryskulov - Cand. Biol. Sci.</p><p>Sovetskaya ul., 6, Orenburg, 460000.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k_histology@orgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шевлюк Н.Н., Рыскулов М.Ф., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шевлюк Н.Н., Рыскулов М.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shevlyuk N.N., Ryskulov M.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1573">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1573</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен обзор сведений из отечественной и иностранной литературы по вопросам морфофункциональной организации придатка семенника (яичка) человека и млекопитающих животных. В придатке семенника выделяют головку, тело и хвост. Головку формируют выносящие канальцы яичка, далее они переходят в проток придатка, формирующий тело и хвост придатка. Дискуссионными являются вопросы классификации эпителиоцитов в эпителии придатка, что обусловлено как различными методическими подходами, так и видовыми различиями эпителиальной выстилки придатка семенника у разных видов. Видовые различия в морфофункциональной организации эпителия придатка семенника незначительны, это свидетельствует о проявлении принципа параллелизма в эволюционной динамике эпителия придатка. Придаток семенника является гормонально зависимым органом. Ведущую роль в регуляции развития и функционирования придатка играют андрогены, кроме того, в регуляции деятельности придатка значительное участие принимают эстрогены и пролактин. Морфологические эквиваленты негативного влияния различных повреждающих факторов в основном сходны, что указывает на наличие сформированного в ходе эволюции неспецифического механизма реагирования на действие неблагоприятных факторов. Несмотря на значительное число работ, посвященных морфологии придатка семенника (яичка), многие аспекты морфофункциональных, молекулярных и биохимических преобразований, происходящих в придатке, до сих пор остаются мало изученными и нуждаются в дальнейшем углубленном изучении. Недостаточно также исследований сравнительного характера, как и работ, посвященных изучению придатка семенника животных естественных биоценозов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article focuses on the data from Russian and foreign literature on the morphofunctional characteristics of the appendage of the testis in humans and mammalian animals. In the appendage of the testis, the head, body and tail are isolated. The head is formed by the efferent ductules, then they pass into the duct of the appendage forming the body and tail of the appendage. The epithelial cell classification in the appendage is debatable, which is due to both different methodological approaches and species differences in the epithelial lining of the testis appendage in different species. Species differences in the morphofunctional organization of the epithelium of the appendage of the testis are insignificant, this manifests the principle of parallelism in the evolutionary dynamics of the appendage epithelium. The appendage of the testis is a hormone-dependent organ, androgens play a leading role in regulating the development and functioning of the appendage; in addition, estrogens and prolactin take a significant part in regulating the appendage activity. Morphological equivalents of the negative influence of various damaging factors are basically similar, which evidences the presence of a nonspecific mechanism of reaction to the action of adverse factors formed during evolution. Despite a significant number of studies related to the morphology of the testis appendage, many aspects of morphofunctional, molecular and biochemical transformations occurring in the testis appendage still remain poorly understood and require further in-depth study. There are also insufficient number of comparative studies, and studies investigating the appendage of the testis of animals of natural biocenosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>придаток семенника (яичка)</kwd><kwd>выносящие канальцы яичка</kwd><kwd>проток придатка яичка</kwd><kwd>реснитчатые клетки</kwd><kwd>безреснитчатые клетки</kwd><kwd>главные клетки</kwd><kwd>базальные клетки</kwd><kwd>сперматозоиды</kwd><kwd>гормональная регуляция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>appendage of the testis</kwd><kwd>excretory tubules</kwd><kwd>duct of the appendage</kwd><kwd>ciliated</kwd><kwd>ciliated</kwd><kwd>main cells</kwd><kwd>basal cells</kwd><kwd>spermatozoa</kwd><kwd>hormonal regulation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Афанасьев Ю.И., Юрина Н.А., Алешин Б.В., и др. Гистология, эмбриология, цитология. Под ред. Ю.И. 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