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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2022-11-1-59-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-1502</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительное микроскопическое и электронномикроскопическое исследование соматотропных клеток гипофиза у двух редких видов млекопитающих</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative microscopic and electron microscopic study of somatotropic pituitary cells in two rare mammalian species</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8232-4858</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торгун</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Torgun</surname><given-names>P. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Торгун Петр Макарович – д-р. ветеринар. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры акушерства, анатомии и хирургии</p><p>ул. Мичурина, 1, Воронеж, 394087</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr M Torgun – Doct. Veterinar. Sci., Prof., Professor of obstetrics, anatomy and sugrery department</p><p>Ul. Michurina, 1, Voronezh, 394087</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pet.torgun@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ul'yanov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ульянов Игнатий Андреевич</p><p>г. Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ignatii A Ul'yanov</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pet.torgun@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1510-8543</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Н. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alexeeva</surname><given-names>N. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеева Наталия Тимофеевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>г. Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya T Alexeeva – Doct. Med. Sci., Prof.</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexeevant@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-7607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клочкова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klochkova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клочкова Светлана Валерьевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V Klochkova – Doct. Med. Sci., Prof.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">swetlana.chava@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2259-1222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитюк</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikityuk</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никитюк Дмитрий Борисович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, чл.-корр. РАН</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii B Nikityuk – Doct. Med. Sci., Prof., Corr. Member of RAS</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dimitrynik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ul'yanova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ульянова Алина Владимировна</p><p>г. Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina V Ul'yanova</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pet.torgun@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лободин</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobodin</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лободин Константин Алексеевич – д-р ветеринар. наук., профессор</p><p>г. Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin A Lobodin – Doct. Veterinar. Sci., Prof.</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pet.torgun@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лозовая</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lozovaya</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лозовая Елена Геннадьевна</p><p>г. Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena G Lozovaya</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pet.torgun@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9542-8701</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколов Дмитрий Александрович – канд. мед. наук, доцент</p><p>г. Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii A Sokolov – Cand. Med. Sci., Assoc. Prof.</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cingulum@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мозговая</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mozgovaya</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мозговая Елена Ивановна</p><p>г. Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I Mozgovaya</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pet.torgun@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный аграрный университет им. императора Петра I<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Emperor Peter I Voronezh State Agrarian University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов; Московский научно-практический центр медицинской реабилитации, восстановительной и спортивной медицины ДЗМ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia; Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety; 6Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Торгун П.М., Ульянов И.А., Алексеева Н.Т., Клочкова С.В., Никитюк Д.Б., Ульянова А.В., Лободин К.А., Лозовая Е.Г., Соколов Д.А., Мозговая Е.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Торгун П.М., Ульянов И.А., Алексеева Н.Т., Клочкова С.В., Никитюк Д.Б., Ульянова А.В., Лободин К.А., Лозовая Е.Г., Соколов Д.А., Мозговая Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Torgun P.M., Ul'yanov I.A., Alexeeva N.T., Klochkova S.V., Nikityuk D.B., Ul'yanova A.V., Lobodin K.A., Lozovaya E.G., Sokolov D.A., Mozgovaya E.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1502">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1502</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью настоящего исследования является изучение микроскопических и электронномикроских особенностей соматотропных эндокриноцитов у двух редких видов млекопитающих в постнатальном онтогенезе.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Использован материал от речных бобров (Castor fiber L.) и каланов (морской бобр, Enhydra lutris), занесенных Красную книгу РФ. Сбор материала осуществлялся в Воронежском заповеднике и на лежбищах морских млекопитающих на Командорвских островах (о. Беринга, о. Медном). Для фиксации материала использовали жидкости Штиве, Буэна, Ценкера. Парафиновые срезы окрашивали гематоксилином и эозином, альдегидфуксином по Хэлми–Дыбану. Измеряли линейные размеры клеточных структур, вычисляли площадь сечения клеток и их ядер, рассчитывали ядерноцитоплазматический индекс. Определяли численную плотность соматотропных эндокриноцитов в поле зрения. Для электронной микроскопии образцы гипофиза фиксировали в 2,5% глютаровом альдегиде и в 1% осмиевом фиксаторе. Готовили срезы на ультрамикротомах БС-490 и ЛКБ-4800. Срезы контрастировали уранилацетатом и цитратом свинца и изучали в электронном микроскопе «Тесла БС-500».</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У речных бобров и каланов в возрасте 6 месяцев по сравнению с новорожденными животными увеличивается численность соматотропных клеток в центре гипофиза в 3,46 (p&lt;0,05) и в 3,32 раза (p&lt;0,05) соответственно и в боковых зонах – в 2,61 (p&lt;0,05) и в 3,39 раза (p&lt;0,05); площадь цитоплазмы клеток – в 1,96 раза (p&lt;0,05) и в 1,85 раза (p&lt;0,05); площадь ядер – в 1,48 раза (p&lt;0,05) и в 1,30 раза (p&lt;0,05). У речных бобров и каланов в возрасте одного года по сравнению с шестимесячными животными выявлено увеличение численности соматотропных клеток в центре гипофиза в 1,27 раза (p&lt;0,05) и в 1,33 раза (p&lt;0,05); и в боковых зонах в 1,08 раза (p&lt;0,05) и в 1,02 раза (p&gt;0,05); и площади цитоплазмы клеток соответственно – в 1,29 раза (p&lt;0,05) и. в 1,25 раза (p&lt;0,05). Максимальные показатели секреторной активности соматотропных клеток обнаружены у речных бобров и каланов в возрасте 1 года.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to find out the microscopic and ultrastructural features of somatotropic endocrinocytes in two rare mammalian species in postnatal ontogenesis.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. We used material from river beavers (Castor fiber L.) and sea otters (sea beaver, Enhydra lutris), listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. The collection of material was carried out in the Voronezh Reserve and on the rookeries of marine mammals on the Commander Islands (Bering Island, Medny Island). To fix the material, Shteve, Bouin, and Zenker liquids were used. Paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, aldehyde fuchsin according to Helmi–Dyban. The linear dimensions of cell structures were measured, the cross-sectional area of cells and their nuclei was calculated, and the nuclear cytoplasmic index was calculated. The numerical density of somatotropic endocrinocytes in the field of view was determined. For electron microscopy, pituitary specimens were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 1% osmium fixative. Sections were prepared on BS-490 and LKB-4800 ultramicrotomes. Sections were counterstained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and studied under a Tesla BS-500 electron microscope.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In river beavers and sea otters at the age of 6 months, compared with newborn animals, the number of somatotropic cells in the center of the pituitary gland increases by 3.46 (p&lt;0.05) and 3.32 times (p&lt;0.05), respectively, and in the lateral zones – 2.61 times (p&lt;0.05) and 3.39 times (p&lt;0.05); cell cytoplasm area – 1.96 times (p&lt;0.05) and 1.85 times (p&lt;0.05); the area of the nuclei – 1.48 times (p&lt;0.05) and 1.30 times (p&lt;0.05). In river beavers and sea otters at the age of one year, compared with six-month-old animals, an increase in the number of somatotropic cells in the center of the pituitary gland by 1.27 times (p&lt;0.05) and 1.33 times (p&lt;0.05) was revealed; and in the lateral zones by 1.08 times (p&lt;0.05) and 1.02 times (p&gt;0.05); and area of the cytoplasm of cells, respectively – 1.29 times (p&lt;0.05) and. 1.25 times (p&lt;0.05). The maximum indicators of secretory activity of somatotropic cells were found in river beavers and sea otters at the age of 1 year.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>речной бобр</kwd><kwd>калан</kwd><kwd>соматотропные клетки</kwd><kwd>кариометрия</kwd><kwd>электронная мик- роскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>river beaver</kwd><kwd>sea otter</kwd><kwd>somatotropic cells</kwd><kwd>karyometry</kwd><kwd>electron microscopy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Богданов А.В. Роль тракционного механизма в реализации формообразовательных процессов развития гипофиза человека. Морфология. 2009;136(3):21–2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bogdanov A.V. Rol' traktsionnogo mekhanizma v realizatsii formoobrazovatel'nykh protsessov razvitiya gipofiza cheloveka. 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