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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2020-9-4-55-62</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-1202</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структурно-функциональные изменения пролактиновых эндокриноцитов передней доли гипофиза в процессе репаративного остеогенеза длинных трубчатых костей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structural and Functional Changes in Prolactin Endocrinocytes of the Anterior Pituitary Gland in the Process of Reparative Osteogenesis of Long Tubular Bones</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миханов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Миханов Василий Александрович</p><p>ул. Советская, 6, Оренбург, 460000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasilii Mikhanov</p><p>ul. Sovetskaya, 6, Orenburg, 460000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vmikhanov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полякова</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakova</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оренбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orenburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мещеряков</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meshcheryakov</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оренбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orenburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мхитарян</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mkhitaryan</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оренбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orenburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожанова</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhanova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оренбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orenburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакаева</surname><given-names>Н. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakaeva</surname><given-names>N. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оренбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orenburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сипайлова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sipailova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оренбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orenburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Миханов В.А., Полякова В.С., Мещеряков К.Н., Мхитарян Е.Е., Кожанова Т.Г., Бакаева Н.Р., Сипайлова О.Ю., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Миханов В.А., Полякова В.С., Мещеряков К.Н., Мхитарян Е.Е., Кожанова Т.Г., Бакаева Н.Р., Сипайлова О.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhanov V.A., Polyakova V.S., Meshcheryakov K.N., Mkhitaryan E.E., Kozhanova T.G., Bakaeva N.R., Sipailova O.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1202">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1202</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – изучение численного состава и динамики структурно-функциональных изменений пролактиновых клеток передней доли гипофиза в ходе репаративной регенерации длинных трубчатых костей.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Исследование выполнено на 40 крысах линии «Вистар». Животным опытной группы формировали поперечный перелом средней трети диафиза большеберцовой кости. Использовали методы световой микроскопии, иммуногистохимии и морфометрии клеток области перелома и дистальной части аденогипофиза на 1-е, 3-и, 7-, 14-, 21-, 28-, 44- и 61-е сутки.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Результаты нашего исследования показали, что у крыс-самцов в контрольной группе процентное содержание пролактиновых клеток в аденогипофизе составляет 7.26±0.51%. В ходе заживления перелома длинной трубчатой кости крыс существуют 2 этапа стрессорной активации компенсаторно-приспособительных потенций кластера пролактиновых эндокриноцитов аденогипофиза с соответствующими изменениями в их структурах: в 1–3-е сутки (воздействие на организм перелома кости с развитием посттравматического острого воспаления) и на 14–21-е сутки (пик литической активности хондрокластов с массивным хондролизом хрящевой мозоли).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, подтверждается значение пролактина, как медиатора стресса и необходимость его участия в регуляции стрессорной перестройки обмена веществ. Вместе с тем становится понятно, что при выраженном остром стрессорном воздействии, который в нашей работе представлен открытым переломом, даже начало стрессорного ответа может проявиться дисадаптацией лактотропной активности аденогипофиза, которая сопровождается ранним «истощением» своих структурно-функциональных резервов и срывом компенсаторно-приспособительных потенций уже в 1-е сутки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study is to investigate the numerical composition and dynamics of structural and functional changes in prolactin cells of the anterior pituitary gland during reparative regeneration of long tubular bones.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 40 Wistar rats. A transverse fracture of the middle third of the tibial shaft was simulated in the animals of the experimental group. Cells of the fracture area and the distal part of the adenohypophysis were studied using methods of light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and morphometry on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 44th and 61st days.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study results demonstrated that in male rats of the control group, the percentage of prolactin cells in the adenohypophysis was 7.26±0.51%. During the fracture healing of the long tubular bone in rats, there were 2 stages of stress activation of the compensatory-adaptive potencies of the prolactin endocrinocyte adenohypophysis cluster with related changes in their structures: on the 1st–3rd days (the bone fracture effect on the body with the development of post-traumatic acute inflammation) and on the 14th–21st days (peak of chondroclast lytic activity with massive chondrolysis of cartilaginous callus).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, the importance of prolactin as a stress mediator and the need for its participation in the regulation of stress metabolic changes are evidenced. At the same time, it becomes clear that with a pronounced acute stress effect; in this study it is represented by an open fracture, even the onset of a stress response can be manifested by a maladjustment of the lactotropic activity of the adenohypophysis, which is accompanied by an early "depletion" of its structural and functional reserves and a breakdown of compensatory-adaptive potencies right on the 1st day.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>остеорепарация</kwd><kwd>пролактиновые клетки</kwd><kwd>аденогипофиз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>osteoreparation</kwd><kwd>prolactin cells</kwd><kwd>adenohypophysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акмаев И.Г., Волкова О.В., и др. Эволюционные аспекты стрессорной реакции. Вестик РАМН. 2002;6:24–7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akmaev IG, Volkova OV, i dr. 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