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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2020-9-3-54-63</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-1158</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика иммуноморфологических процессов в селезенке пациентов с иммунной тромбоцитопенией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of immunomorphological processes in the spleen of patients with immune thrombocytopenia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоровская</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorovskaya</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. К. Маркса, 112, Киров, 610998, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ul. K. Marksa, 112, Kirov, 610998, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fednadst@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Железнов</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zheleznov</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киров</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киров</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцев</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitsev</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киров</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кировский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kirov State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федоровская Н.С., Железнов Л.М., Петров С.В., Зайцев В.Б., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федоровская Н.С., Железнов Л.М., Петров С.В., Зайцев В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorovskaya N.S., Zheleznov L.M., Petrov S.V., Zaitsev V.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1158">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1158</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – дать характеристику иммуноморфологических процессов в селезенке пациентов с иммунной тромбоцитопенией (ИТП) в зависимости от формы заболевания и ответа на спленэктомию.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p> Материал и методы. В исследование вошли селезенки 50 больных ИТП, среди которых было 32 женщины (64%) и 18 мужчин (35%). Медиана возраста составила 38.0 (22.8; 52.0) лет. В зависимости от формы заболевания все больные ИТП были разделены на три группы: впервые диагностированная (n=12); персистирующая форма (n=20); хроническая форма (n=18). Все случаи ИТП были разделены на две подгруппы: 1-ю (n=32) – пациенты, у которых после спленэктомии устанавливалась ремиссия; 2-ю – лица с рефрактерным течением заболевания после спленэктомии (n=18). Группа сравнения представлена аутопсийным материалом селезенок 20 человек, не имевших в анамнезе заболеваний системы крови, печени и другой патологии. Медиана возраста – 39 (27; 65) лет. С помощью гистологических, иммуногистохимических и морфометрических методик изучали размеры красной и белой пульпы селезенки, а также ее клеточный состав.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p> Результаты. У больных ИТП, ответивших на спленэктомию, морфология селезенки характеризовалась как соответствующая I–II этапам иммунного ответа. В подгруппе с рефрактерным течением заболевания и у пациентов с персистирующей формой состояние селезенки соответствовало II–III этапам иммунного ответа, что свидетельствовало о более продолжительном или агрессивном течении болезни. Уменьшение размеров периартериальных лимфоидных муфт вне зависимости от ответа на спленэктомию по отношению к группе сравнения (p&lt;0.05), является отражением патогенеза заболевания, а также результатом воздействия иммуносупрессивной терапии на Т-клеточную зону белой пульпы. Изменения клеточного состава селезенки у больных ИТП характеризовались увеличением относительного и абсолютного количества В- и Т-лимфоцитов в белой и красной пульпе, макрофагов (CD68+) и дендритных клеток (CD35+, S100+). Повышение содержания в белой и красной пульпе лимфоидных элементов, экспрессирующих CD4+, а также CD8+ Т-лимфоцитов в красной пульпе свидетельствует о многофакторности развития аутоиммунных расстройств при данном заболевании. Значимое увеличение количества цитотоксических CD8+ Т-клеток и CD68+ макрофагов в красной пульпе у больных с рефрактерным течением ИТП по сравнению с лицами, ответившими на спленэктомию (р&lt;0.05), свидетельствует, о том, что в разрушении тромбоцитов у пациентов с резистентным к хирургическому лечению течением заболевания наряду с макрофагами активно участвуют и цитотоксические Т-лимфоциты. Определены морфометрические критерии неблагоприятного прогноза течения ИТП после спленэктомии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to characterize the immunomorphological processes in the spleen of patients with immune thrombocytopenia depending on the form of the disease and the response to splenectomy.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p> Material and methods. The study included the spleens of 50 patients with immune thrombocytopenia, including 32 women (64%) and 18 men (35%). The median age was 38.0 (22.8; 52.0) years. Depending on the form of the disease, all patients with immune thrombocytopenia were divided into three groups: first diagnosed disease (n=12); persistent form (n=20); and chronic form (n=18). All cases of immune thrombocytopenia were divided into two subgroups: 1 (n=32) – patients who were in remission after splenectomy; 2 (n=18) – people with refractory disease after splenectomy The comparison group was represented by spleens autopsy material of 20 people who had no history of blood system and liver diseases, or other pathology. The median age was 39 (27; 65) years. Histological, immunohistochemical, and morphometric methods were used to study the size of the red and white spleen pulps, as well as their cellular composition.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In patients with immune thrombocytopenia who responded to splenectomy, the spleen morphology was characterized as corresponding to stages I–II of the immune response. In the subgroup with a refractory course of the disease and in patients with a persistent form, the condition of the spleen corresponded to stages II–III of the immune response, which indicated a longer or aggressive course of the disease. Reducing the size of the periarterial lymphoid muffs, regardless of the response to splenectomy in relation to the comparison group (p&lt;0.05), reflects the pathogenesis of the disease and presents the effect of immunosuppressive therapy on T-cell area of white pulp. Changes in the cell composition of the spleen in patients with immune thrombocytopenia were characterized by an increase in the relative and absolute number of B and T lymphocytes in the white and red pulps, macrophages (CD68+) and dendritic cells (CD35+, S100+). An increase in the content of lymphoid elements expressing CD4+ in white and red pulps, as well as CD8+ T-lymphocytes in the red pulp indicates a multifactorial development of autoimmune disorders in this disease. A significant increase in the number of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and CD68+ macrophages in the red pulp in patients with refractory course of immune thrombocytopenia compared to those who responded to splenectomy (p&lt;0.05) indicates that cytotoxic T-lymphocytes along with macrophages are actively involved in the destruction of platelets in patients resistant to the surgical treatment of the disease. Morphometric criteria for unfavorable prognosis of immune thrombocytopenia after splenectomy were determined.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>селезенка</kwd><kwd>иммунная тромбоцитопения</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spleen</kwd><kwd>immune thrombocytopenia</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анохина Ю.В., Цепа Л.С. 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