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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2020-9-2-53-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-1117</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфологические изменения нейронов гиппокампа крыс как результат избыточного потребления фтора</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphological Changes of the Rat Hippocampal Neurons Following Excessive Fluoride Consumption</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Надей</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nadei</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суфиева</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sufieva</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агалакова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agalakova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">nagalak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И. М. Сеченова РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary physiology and Biochemistry Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Надей О.В., Иванова Т.И., Суфиева Д.А., Агалакова Н.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Надей О.В., Иванова Т.И., Суфиева Д.А., Агалакова Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nadei O.V., Ivanova T.I., Sufieva D.A., Agalakova N.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1117">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1117</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – выявить морфологические изменения нейронов гиппокампа крыс после длительного (12-месячного) потребления избыточных доз фтора в ионном виде (F–).</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Самцы крыс линии Вистар были разделены на 4 группы. Животные из контрольной группы получали питьевую воду с фоновым содержанием F– 0.4 мг/л, крысам из других групп давали ту же воду с 5, 20 и 50 мг/л F– (в виде NaF). Морфологическое состояние нейронов зон СА3 и СА1 гиппокампа оценивали после окраски срезов мозга толуидиновым синим по методу Ниссля.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Длительная интоксикация крыс F– привела к дезорганизации клеточного слоя и снижению численной плотности пирамидных нейронов в полях СА3 и СА1 гиппокампа, что, вероятнее всего, свидетельствует о гибели части клеток. В нейронах обеих зон гиппокампа визуализировались такие патологические изменения, как неравномерное распределение вещества Ниссля, смещение ядер к периферии, вакуолизация цитоплазмы. Некоторые нейроны набухали, другие, наоборот, сморщивались, выявлялись клетки веретенообразной формы и нейроны с винтообразными отростками. В гиппокампе крыс, получавших F–, снижалось число нормохромных, но увеличивалось количество гиперхромных и гипохромных нейронов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено, что длительное потребление крысами F– в избыточных дозах индуцирует дистрофические и некробиотические изменения пирамидных нейронов в зонах СА3 и СА1 гиппокампа. Обнаруженные патологические изменения могут быть причиной нарушения межнейронных связей в гиппокампе и приводить к развитию различных неврологических и когнитивных расстройств. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of present work was to characterize morphological alterations of rat hippocampal neuronsafter long-term (12-months) consumption of excessive doses of ionic fluoride (F–).</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups. Animals from control group were given drinking water with background F– content of 0.4 mg/L, rats from other groups  received the same water with 5, 20 and 50 mg/L (as NaF). The morphology of neurons in CA3 and CA1 hippocampal areas was evaluated after staining of brain slices with toluidine blue according to Nissl’s method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Long-term intoxication of rats with F– resulted in disorganization of cellular layer and decline in numerical density of pyramidal neurons in CA3 and CA1 hippocampal areas, which most probably indicates the death of a part of the cells. The neurons of both hippocampus zones exhibited such  pathological changes as unequal distribution of Nissl substance, shifting of nuclei to periphery, cytoplasm  vacuolization. Some neurons underwent swelling, other, in contrast, shrunk, spindle neurons  or cells with spiral-like outgrowths were also visualized. In hippocampus of F–-exposed rats, the number of normochromic neurons decreased, but amount of hyperchromic and hypochromic cells increased.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Long-term intake of excessive F– doses by the rats was established to induce dystrophic and necrobiotic changes of pyramidal neurons in CA3 and CA1 hippocampal zones. The revealed pathological processes can be a cause of disturbances in inter-neuronal communications in the hippocampus and lead to development of various neurological and cognitive disorders. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ионы фтора</kwd><kwd>крыса</kwd><kwd>нейроны гиппокампа</kwd><kwd>патологические изменения</kwd><kwd>вещество Ниссля</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fluoride ions</kwd><kwd>rat</kwd><kwd>hippocampus</kwd><kwd>neurons</kwd><kwd>pathological changes</kwd><kwd>Nissl substance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФАНО России (тема № ААААА18-118012290371-3).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коржевский Д.Э., Сухорукова Е.Г., Гилерович Е.Г., Петрова Е.С., Кирик О.В., Григорьев И.П. 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