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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">anatomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-7357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18499/2225-7357-2020-9-2-17-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">anatomy-1112</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Радиационно-индуцированные изменения содержания белка в нейронах головного мозга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiation-Induced Changes in Protein Content in the Brain Neurons</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гундарова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gundarova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">episheva65@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кварацхелия</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kvaratskheliya</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Студенческая, 10, Воронеж, 394036, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ул. Студенческая, 10, Воронеж, 394036, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный институт физической культуры»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State Institute of Physical Training</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гундарова О.П., Федоров В.П., Кварацхелия А.Г., Маслов Н.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гундарова О.П., Федоров В.П., Кварацхелия А.Г., Маслов Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gundarova O.P., Fedorov V.P., Kvaratskheliya A.G., Maslov V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1112">https://anatomy.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1112</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – оценить влияние различных режимов воздействия малых доз ионизирующего излучения на содержание белка в нейронах головного мозга.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Исследование с соблюдением правил биоэтики выполнено на 300 крысахсамцах в возрасте 4 мес к началу эксперимента, подвергавшихся радиационному воздействию в суммарных дозах 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 и 1.0 Гр однократно или фракционированно (равными порциями в течение 5 дней) с мощностью дозы облучения 0.5 и 6.6 Гр/ч. После стандартных гистологических процедур нейроморфологическими методиками оценивали морфометрические и тинкториальные показатели нейронов головного мозга, а также динамику содержания белка в нейронах на всей продолжительности жизни животных. Статистическую обработку результатов проводили с помощью пакетов программ Statistiсa 6.1, с использованием параметрических критериев и математическим моделированием.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У контрольных и облученных животных на протяжении всей жизни происходят волнообразные изменения содержания белка в нейронах головного мозга с постепенным снижением показателей к окончанию пострадиационного периода. Регрессионный анализ показал, что облучение в изученных дозах оказывает нелинейное стохастическое влияние на содержание белка в нейронах, не имеет дозовременной зависимости и не вызывает значимых органических изменений в головном мозге. В конце эксперимента, когда наблюдается гибель как облученных, так и контрольных животных содержание белка в нейронах статистически значимо уменьшается во всех группах, но в большей степени у животных, подвергшихся радиационному воздействию. При этом наибольшее снижение содержания белка отмечено в грушевидных нейронах коры мозжечка, а более резистентными к радиационному фактору по содержанию белка оказались нейроны коры теменной доли.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Значимых радиационно-индуцированных изменений содержания и топохимии продуктов гистохимических реакций при выявлении белка в структурах нейронов головного мозга не выявлено. В конце эксперимента содержание белка в нейронах теменной коры облученных животных практически соответствовало таковому у животных возрастного контроля, а в других отделах мозга было статистически значимо снижено.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of research was to study radiation-induced changes in the protein content in the brain neurons after exposure to small doses of ionizing radiation.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study was performed in compliance with the rules of bioethics. The study included 300 male rats, aged 4 months at the beginning of the experiment, that were exposed to radiation in total doses of 0.1; 0.2; 0.5 and 1 Gy given as a single dose or fractionated (equal portions for 5 days with a dose rate of 0.5 and 6.6 Gy/h). Morphometric and tinctorial parameters of neurons and the dynamics of protein content in the brain neurons over the entire life span of animals were assessed using neuromorphological methods. The results obtained were statistically processed using software packages Statistica 6.1, which included parametric criteria and mathematical modeling.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In animals of the control group and in animals exposed to radiation wave-like changes in the protein content in the brain neurons occurred during the whole life; in animals exposed to irradiation parameters of these changes gradually decreased by the end of the irradiation period. Regression analysis showed that irradiation in the studied doses had a nonlinear stochastic effect on the protein content in neurons, had no dose-time dependence and did not result in significant organic changes in the brain neurons. At the end of the experiment, with the death of both irradiated and control animals, the protein content in neurons was statistically significantly reduced in all groups, but to a greater extent in irradiated animals. Moreover, the greatest decrease in protein content was observed in the pear-shaped neurons of the cerebellar cortex, and the parietal cortex neurons were more resistant to the radiation factor in terms of protein content. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. No significant radiation-induced changes in the content and topochemistry of histochemical reaction products were revealed when detecting protein in the structures of brain neurons. At the end of the experiment, the protein content in the neurons of the parietal cortex of the irradiated  animals practically correlated to that in animals of age control, and was statistically significantly reduced in other parts of the brain.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крысы</kwd><kwd>нейроны</kwd><kwd>ионизирующее излучение</kwd><kwd>регрессионный анализ</kwd><kwd>кора головного мозга</kwd><kwd>кора мозжечка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rats</kwd><kwd>neurons</kwd><kwd>radiation ionizing</kwd><kwd>regression analysis</kwd><kwd>cerebral cortex</kwd><kwd>cerebellar cortex</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Батмунх М., Баярчимэг Л., Бугай А.Н., Васильева М.А., Колесникова Е.А. Моделирование индукции и репарации повреждений ДНК в клетках гиппокампа при действии тяжелых заряженных частиц. 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